The Earth’s atmosphere is composed of several layers. The thermosphere is defined as the layer which is present above the mesosphere and below the exosphere. In the thermosphere, the molecules are dissociated as a result of ultraviolet radiations and convert into ions. In this way, the thermosphere constitutes a large proportion of the ionosphere.
The thermosphere originates at 80 km above sea level. The temperature of this level increases as the altitude increases. This is because there is higher absorption of solar radiations and the temperature can even rise to 1700 degrees Celsius or more. The density of the gas is very low in the thermosphere hence the molecules are unable to conduct heat and the overall inside temperature remains very low.
Predation by one flour beetle species on another can be used as
In chapter 14 we have seen how a herbivorous stream insect controls
How was the amount of food that Gause (1934) provided
How are manipulation of host behavior by spiny-headed worms and
Predation is one of the processes by which one organism exploits another
Ecologists are now challenged to study global ecology. The apparent role
In his experiments on competition between T. confusum and T.
Discuss how mathematical theory, laboratory models, and field experiments have
Explain the roles of food and predators in producing cycles of abundance
What evidence is there that variation in atmospheric CO 2 concentration is
