A plane flying horizontally at an altitude of 1 mi and a speed of 500 mi/h passes directly over a radar station. Find the rate at which the distance from the plane to the station is increasing when it is 2 mi away from the station. (a). What quantities are given in the problem? (b). What is the unknown? (c). Draw a picture of the situation for any time t. (d). Write an equation that relates the quantities. (e). Finish solving the problem.
> The director of market research at a large department store chain wanted to conduct a survey throughout a metropolitan area to determine the amount of time working women spend shopping for clothing in a typical month. a. Indicate the type of data the di
> If two students score a 90 on the same examination, what arguments could be used to show that the underlying variable—test score—is continuous?
> One of the variables most often included in surveys is income. Sometimes the question is phrased “What is your income (in thousands of dollars)?” In other surveys, the respondent is asked to “ Select the circle corresponding to your income level” and is
> Suppose the following information is collected from Robert Keeler on his application for a home mortgage loan at the Metro County Savings and Loan Association. a. Monthly payments: $2,227 b. Number of jobs in past 10 years: 1 c. Annual family income:
> For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical and determine its measurement scale. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous. a. Amount of money spent on clot
> Referring to the results from Problem 2.100 on page 86 concerning the weights of Boston and Vermont shingles, write a report that evaluates whether the weights of the pallets of the two types of shingles are what the company expects. Be sure to incorpora
> In a random sample of 64 people, 48 are classified as “successful.” a. Determine the sample proportion, p, of “successful” people. b. If the population proportion is 0.70, determine the standard error of the proportion.
> For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical and determine its measurement scale. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous. a. Name of Internet service prov
> The following information is collected from students upon exiting the campus bookstore during the first week of classes. a. Amount of time spent shopping in the bookstore b. Number of textbooks purchased c. Academic major d. Gender Classify each vari
> A/B testing allows businesses to test a new design or format for a web page to determine if the new web page is more effective than the current one. Web designers decide to create a new call-to-action button for a web page. Every visitor to the web page
> The file Currency contains the exchange rates of the Canadian dollar, the Japanese yen, and the English pound from 1980 to 2016, where the Canadian dollar, the Japanese yen, and the English pound are expressed in units per U.S. dollar. a. Construct time-
> The data stored in Drink represent the amount of soft drink in a sample of 50 consecutively filled 2-liter bottles. a. Construct a time-series plot for the amount of soft drink on the Y axis and the bottle number (going consecutively from 1 to 50) on the
> The file Natural Gas contains the U.S. monthly average commercial and residential price for natural gas in dollars per thousand cubic feet from January 2008 through December 2016. Source: Data extracted from “U.S. Natural Gas Prices,” bit.ly/2oZIQ5Z, acc
> The file Protein contains calorie and cholesterol information for popular protein foods (fresh red meats, poultry, and fish). Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture. a. Construct frequency and percentage distributions for the number of calories. b. Const
> What was the average price of a room at two-star, three-star, and four-star hotels around the world during 2016? The file Hotel Prices contains the average hotel room prices in Canadian dollars (about U.S. $0.75 as of December 2016) per night paid by Can
> Studies conducted by a manufacturer of Boston and Vermont asphalt shingles have shown product weight to be a major factor in customers’ perception of quality. Moreover, the weight represents the amount of raw materials being used and is therefore very im
> The file CEO2016 includes the total compensation (in $millions) for CEOs of 200 S&P 500 companies and the one-year total shareholder return in 2016. Source: Data extracted from bit.ly/1QqpEUZ. For total compensation: a. Construct a frequency distributi
> According to the National Survey of Student Engagement, the average student spends about 15 hours each week preparing for classes; preparation for classes includes homework, reading and any other assignments. Source: Data extracted from bit.ly/2qSNwNo.
> Given a normal distribution with m = 50 and s = 5, if you select a sample of n = 100, what is the probability that X is a. less than 47? b. between 47 and 49.5? c. above 51.1? d. There is a 35% chance that X is above what value?
> Given a normal distribution with m = 100 and s = 10, if you select a sample of n = 25, what is the probability that X is a. less than 95? b. between 95 and 97.5? c. above 102.2? d. There is a 65% chance that X is above what value?
> A runner sprints around a circular track of radius 100 m at a constant speed of 7 m/s. The runner’s friend is standing at a distance 200 m from the center of the track. How fast is the distance between the friends changing when the distance between them
> Find the absolute maximum and absolute minimum values of f on the given interval. f(a) — 5 + 54х — 2х', [0,4]
> Find the critical numbers of the function. f (x) = x2e-3x
> Find the critical numbers of the function. F (x) = x4/5 (x – 4)2
> Find the critical numbers of the function. h (p) = p - 1/p2 + 4
> Find the critical numbers of the function. h (t) = t3/4 - 2t 1/4
> Find the critical numbers of the function. g (y) = y - 1/y2 - y + 1
> (a). Sketch the graph of a function that has two local maxima, one local minimum, and no absolute minimum. (b). Sketch the graph of a function that has three local minima, two local maxima, and seven critical numbers.
> Find the critical numbers of the function. g (t) = |3t – 4|
> Find the critical numbers of the function. s (t) = 3t4 + 4t3 - 6t2
> For each of the numbers a, b, c, d, r, and s, state whether the function whose graph is shown has an absolute maximum or minimum, a local maximum or minimum, or neither a maximum nor a minimum. yA 0 a b c dr
> Two carts, A and B, are connected by a rope 39 ft long that passes over a pulley P (see the figure). The point Q is on the floor 12 ft directly beneath P and between the carts. Cart A is being pulled away from Q at a speed of 2 ft/s. How fast is cart B m
> If a snowball melts so that its surface area decreases at a rate of 1 cm2/min, find the rate at which the diameter decreases when the diameter is 10 cm. (a). What quantities are given in the problem? (b). What is the unknown? (c). Draw a picture of the s
> Sketch the graph of a function f that is continuous on [1, 5] and has the given properties. f has no local maximum or minimum, but 2 and 4 are critical numbers
> Sketch the graph of a function f that is continuous on [1, 5] and has the given properties. Absolute maximum at 5, absolute minimum at 2, local maximum at 3, local minima at 2 and 4
> (a). Find the intervals on which f is increasing or decreasing. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values of f. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. f (x) = x2/x2 + 3
> Find the critical numbers of the function. f (x) = x3 + 6x2 - 15x
> Sketch the graph of a function f that is continuous on [1, 5] and has the given properties. Absolute minimum at 1, absolute maximum at 5, local maximum at 2, local minimum at 4
> (a). Sketch the graph of a function on [-1, 2] that has an absolute maximum but no local maximum. (b). Sketch the graph of a function on [-1, 2] that has a local maximum but no absolute maximum.
> (a). Sketch the graph of a function that has a local maximum at 2 and is differentiable at 2. (b). Sketch the graph of a function that has a local maximum at 2 and is continuous but not differentiable at 2. (c). Sketch the graph of a function that has a
> Let f (t) be the temperature at time where you live and suppose that at time t =3 you feel uncomfortably hot. How do you feel about the given data in each case? (а) f'(3) — 2, f"(3) — 4 (Б) f (3) — 2, f"(3) — —4 (c) f'(3) = -2, f"(3) = 4 (d) f'(3) =
> If z2 = x2 + y2, dx/dt = 2, and dy/dt = 3, find dz/dt when x = 5 and y = 12.
> If x2 + y2 = 25 and dy/dt = 6, find dx/dt when y = 4.
> Sketch the graph of a function f that is continuous on [1, 5] and has the given properties. Absolute minimum at 2, absolute maximum at 3, local minimum at 4
> C (x) = x1/3 (x + 4) (a). Find the intervals of increase or decrease. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. (d). Use the information from parts (a)–(c) to sketch the graph. Check
> Suppose y = √2x + 1, where x and y are functions of t. (a). If dx/dt = 3, find dy/dt when x = 4. (b). If dy/dt = 5, find dx/dt when x = 12.
> The radius of a sphere is increasing at a rate of 5 mm/s. How fast is the volume increasing when the diameter is 80 mm?
> A cylindrical tank with radius 5 m is being filled with water at a rate of 3 m3/min. How fast is the height of the water increasing?
> Two people start from the same point. One walks east at 3 mi/h and the other walks northeast at 2 mi/h. How fast is the distance between the people changing after 15 minutes?
> A plane flying with a constant speed of 300 km/h passes over a ground radar station at an altitude of 1 km and climbs at an angle of 300. At what rate is the distance from the plane to the radar station increasing a minute later?
> Find the absolute maximum and absolute minimum values of f on the given interval. x? - 4 f(x) = [-4, 4] x² + 4'
> A Ferris wheel with a radius of 10m is rotating at a rate of one revolution every 2 minutes. How fast is a rider rising when his seat is 16 m above ground level?
> (a). Find the intervals on which f is increasing or decreasing. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values of f. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. f (x) = x4 - 2x2 + 3
> The length of a rectangle is increasing at a rate of 8 cm/s and its width is increasing at a rate of 3 cm/s. When the length is 20 cm and the width is 10 cm, how fast is the area of the rectangle increasing?
> A plane flies horizontally at an altitude of 5km and passes directly over a tracking telescope on the ground. When the angle of elevation is π/3, this angle is decreasing at a rate of π/6 rad/min. How fast is the plane traveling at that time?
> A lighthouse is located on a small island 3 km away from the nearest point P on a straight shoreline and its light makes four revolutions per minute. How fast is the beam of light moving along the shoreline when it is 1 km from P?
> B (x) = 3x2/3 - x (a). Find the intervals of increase or decrease. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. (d). Use the information from parts (a)–(c) to sketch the graph. Check you
> Use the graph to state the absolute and local maximum and minimum values of the function. y=g(x) 1
> A television camera is positioned 4000 ft from the base of a rocket launching pad. The angle of elevation of the camera has to change at the correct rate in order to keep the rocket in sight. Also, the mechanism for focusing the camera has to take into a
> Find the critical numbers of the function. f (x) = 4 + 1/3 x – 1/2 x2
> Brain weight B as a function of body weight W in fish has been modeled by the power function B = 0.007W2/3, where B and W are measured in grams. A model for body weight as a function of body length L (measured in centimeters) is W = 0.12L2.53. If, over 1
> Sketch the graph of f by hand and use your sketch to find the absolute and local maximum and minimum values of f. (Use the graphs and transformations of Sections 1.2 and 1.3.) _f(x) = In x, 0<xs 2
> If two resistors with resistances R1 and R2 are connected in parallel, as in the figure, then the total resistance R, measured in ohms (Ω), is given by 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2. If R1 and R2 are increasing at rates of 0.3Ω
> When air expands adiabatically (without gaining or losing heat), its pressure P and volume V are related by the equation PV1.4 = C, where C is a constant. Suppose that at a certain instant the volume is 400 cm3 and the pressure is 80 kPa and is decreasin
> Boyle’s Law states that when a sample of gas is compressed at a constant temperature, the pressure P and volume V satisfy the equation PV = C, where C is a constant. Suppose that at a certain instant the volume is 600 cm3, the pressure is 150 kPa, and th
> Two sides of a triangle have lengths 12 m and 15 m. The angle between them is increasing at a rate of 20/min. How fast is the length of the third side increasing when the angle between the sides of fixed length is 600?
> Two sides of a triangle are 4 m and 5 m in length and the angle between them is increasing at a rate of 0.06 rad/s. Find the rate at which the area of the triangle is increasing when the angle between the sides of fixed length is π/3.
> (a). Find the intervals on which f is increasing or decreasing. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values of f. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. f (x) = 4x3 + 3x2 - 6x + 1
> A kite 100 ft above the ground moves horizontally at a speed of 8 ft/s. At what rate is the angle between the string and the horizontal decreasing when 200 ft of string has been let out?
> A (x) = x√x + 3 (a). Find the intervals of increase or decrease. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. (d). Use the information from parts (a)–(c) to sketch the graph. Check your
> Each side of a square is increasing at a rate of 6m/s. At what rate is the area of the square increasing when the area of the square is 16 cm2?
> Sketch the graph of f by hand and use your sketch to find the absolute and local maximum and minimum values of f. (Use the graphs and transformations of Sections 1.2 and 1.3.) (4 — х? if -2 <x<0 |2х — 1 if 0 <x <2 if -2 <х<0 f(x) =
> Find the absolute maximum and absolute minimum values of f on the given interval. f(t) = t/4 – 1², [-1, 2]
> Use the graph to state the absolute and local maximum and minimum values of the function. |y= f(x) 1t 1
> Gravel is being dumped from a conveyor belt at a rate of 30 ft3/min, and its coarseness is such that it forms a pile in the shape of a cone whose base diameter and height are always equal. How fast is the height of the pile increasing when the pile is 10
> A swimming pool is 20 ft wide, 40 ft long, 3 ft deep at the shallow end, and 9 ft deep at its deepest point. A cross-section is shown in the figure. If the pool is being filled at a rate of 0.8 ft3/min, how fast is the water level rising when the depth a
> A trough is 10 ft long and its ends have the shape of isosceles triangles that are 3 ft across at the top and have a height of 1 ft. If the trough is being filled with water at a rate of 12 ft3 /min, how fast is the water level rising when the water is 6
> Water is leaking out of an inverted conical tank at a rate of 10,000 cm3 /min at the same time that water is being pumped into the tank at a constant rate. The tank has height 6 m and the diameter at the top is 4 m. If the water level is rising at a rate
> How fast is the angle between the ladder and the ground changing in Example 2 when the bottom of the ladder is 6 ft from the wall?
> For what values of c is the function increasing on (-∞, ∞)? f (x) = cx + 1/x2 + 3
> (a). If the function f (x) = x3 + ax2 + bx has the local minimum value -2/9√3 at 1/√3, what are the values of a and b? (b). Which of the tangent lines to the curve in part (a) has the smallest slope?
> For what values of does the polynomial P (x) = x4 + cx3 + x2 have two inflection points? One inflection point? None? Illustrate by graphing P for several values of c. How does the graph change as decreases?
> Find the critical numbers of the function. f (x) = x3 + x2 + x
> (a). Use a graph of f to give a rough estimate of the intervals of concavity and the coordinates of the points of inflection. (b). Use a graph of f" to give better estimates. f (x) = x3(x – 2)4
> Sketch the graph of f by hand and use your sketch to find the absolute and local maximum and minimum values of f. (Use the graphs and transformations of Sections 1.2 and 1.3.) f (x) = 1 - √x
> (a). Find the intervals on which f is increasing or decreasing. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values of f. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. f (x) = 2x3 + 3x2 - 36x
> Show that a cubic function (a third-degree polynomial) always has exactly one point of inflection. If its graph has three x-intercepts x1, x2 and x3, show that the x-coordinate of the inflection point is (x1 + x2 + x3)/3.
> Rainbows are created when raindrops scatter sunlight. They have fascinated mankind since ancient times and have inspired attempts at scientific explanation since the time of Aristotle. In this project we use the ideas of Descartes and Newton to explain t
> Show that the curves y = e-x and y = -e-x touch the curve y = e-x sin x at its inflection points.
> The altitude of a triangle is increasing at a rate of 1 cm/min while the area of the triangle is increasing at a rate of 2 cm2/min. At what rate is the base of the triangle changing when the altitude is 10 cm and the area is 100 cm2?
> At 2:00 PM a car’s speedometer reads 30 mi/h. At 2:10 PM it reads 50 mi/h. Show that at some time between 2:00 and 2:10 the acceleration is exactly 120 mi/h2.
> Two runners start a race at the same time and finish in a tie. Prove that at some time during the race they have the same speed. [Hint: Consider f (t) = g (t) – h (t), where and are the position functions of the two runners.]
> Suppose that 3 < f'(x) < 5 for all values of x. Show that 18 < f (8) – f (2) < 30.
> Suppose that f (0) = -3 and f'(x) < 5 for all values of x. The inequality gives a restriction on the rate of growth of f, which then imposes a restriction on the possible values of f. Use the Mean Value Theorem to determine how large f (4) can possibly b
> f (x) = 2 + 2x2 - x4 (a). Find the intervals of increase or decrease. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. (d). Use the information from parts (a)–(c) to sketch the graph. Check
> (a). Show that ex > 1 + x for x > 0. (b). Deduce that ex > 1 + x + 1/2x2 for x > 0. (c). Use mathematical induction to prove that for x > 0 and any positive integer n, e>1+x + +- n! + 2!
> f (x) = ln (x4 + 27) (a). Find the intervals of increase or decrease. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. (d). Use the information from parts (a)–(c) to sketch the graph. Check
> h (x) = (x + 1)5 - 5x - 2 (a). Find the intervals of increase or decrease. (b). Find the local maximum and minimum values. (c). Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. (d). Use the information from parts (a)–(c) to sketch the graph. C
> Between 00C and 300C, the volume V (in cubic centimeters) of 1 kg of water at a temperature T is given approximately by the formula V = 999.87 - 0.06426T + 0.0085043T2 - 0.0000679T3 Find the temperature at which water has its maximum density.
> f (x) = x - 2 cos x, -2 < x < 0 (a). Use a graph to estimate the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function to two decimal places. (b). Use calculus to find the exact maximum and minimum values.
