Question: Compute the control limits for an np-

> Design a questionnaire or survey instrument to determine the degree to which an organization is “Demonized.” Explain how you developed the questions.

> Study the annual reports of some major companies issued over a period of several years. Do you see evidence of implementation of the quality principles and practices discussed in Tables 2.2 and 2.3? Table 2.2: Table 2.2:

> Develop a “personal quality checklist” that you would like to achieve each day and analyze the results over an extended period of time. The listing of possible checklist standards might include: Review class notes after each class No text messaging duri

> LT, Inc. started as a small, family-owned company. For a long time, owners managed most of the operations, including billing, and customers were happy Over time, the company grew steadily and acquired plants in the United States and many other countries.

> Interview some managers at a local service organization and summarize the role of people and information technology in providing quality service. How are people and information technology integrated into long-range improvement plans and strategies?

> Interview some key managers at a nearby manufacturing company and construct a diagram similar to showing the company’s key functions and their relationships. Summarize the major quality concerns of each function

> Visit the website for the American Society for Quality (www.ASQ.org) and write a short report on the services and resources it offers to quality professionals.

> Conduct some research on quality practices that is focused on a particular country or global region. Summarize your findings in a two- to three-page report.

> Table 3.4 is a hypothetical list of customer requirements as determined through a focus group conducted by an airline. Develop an affinity diagram, classify these requirements into appropriate categories, and design a questionnaire to survey customers. B

> Consider the following customer expectations for a fast-food (quick-service) restaurant. Classify them as dissatisfies, satisfiers, or exciters/delighters. Justify your reasoning. a. Special prices on certain days b. Food is safe to eat c. Hot food is

> Classify the following customer requirements for a hotel using the five key dimensions of service quality—reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy, or responsiveness.73 Hotel equipment is always functioning Hotel staff is knowledgeable to answer gues

> Ski magazine conducts and annual survey of readers to rate ski resorts. They used the following attributes as the basis for the survey: snow, grooming, terrain variety, challenge, value, lifts, service, weather, access, on-mountain food, lodging, dining,

> The current process for fulfilling a room service request at the Lexmark hotel can be described as follows. After the tray is prepared at the room service station, the server proceeds to the room, knocks on the door, sets up the meal, has the customer si

> Patients for a hospital pre-admission testing process were experiencing excessive wait times. A flowchart for the process was developed and is shown in Figure 9.25. Determine where bottlenecks might be inherent in this process and suggest possible improv

> Montvalley Short-Haul Lines, Inc. (MSL) is a small independently owned narrow-gauge railway in Montana. It supplies contract transportation services to many mining firms, hauling ore and mining equipment. One of its principal customers, Cranford Consolid

> Vera source Microprocessor Corporation (VMC) sells 2,000 specialized microprocessor chips each month at a price of $1,500 each. Variable costs amount to $1,500,000, and fixed costs are $500,000. Currently the company has a defect rate of 8 percent (which

> A company has four machines, each of which produces 200 parts per hour. The machines run 24 hours/day, 365 days per year. How many defective parts can be made each year to ensure a sigma level of 4.5?

> Nanos Electron, Inc. manufactures 75,000 circuit boards per month. A random sample of 800 boards is inspected every week for three characteristics. During a recent week, four defects were found for one characteristic, two defects were found for another c

> Expand Table 9.2 for sigma levels from 3.0 to 6.0 in increments of 0.1 on a spreadsheet. Construct a chart showing dpmo as a function of the sigma level. TABLE 9.4:

> During one month, Invoke processed 25,000 invoices for Alpha Corp, 23,000 for Beta Corp, and 8,000 for Gamma Corp. Of these, 205 of the Alpha, 175 of the Beta, and 103 of the Gamma invoices had to be reprocessed for errors. What is the overall nonconform

> Santucci’s Restaurant suspects that customer wait time is related to its customer satisfaction ratings on surveys customers receive with their bill. It has data for 25 customers, available in the C09 Problem Data workbook. Use the appropriate tool to ana

> Analysis of customer complaints at the Lauren Elizabeth Apparel Company revealed errors in five categories, such as billing, shipping, etc. Data can be found in the C09 Problem Data workbook. Construct a Pareto diagram for these data. What conclusions ca

> Never flounder Fish Company advertises that 99.4 percent of their fish were caught within the past 36 hours. How many dpmo does this claim represent? At what sigma level is this process operating?

> In a Delta Widgets, Inc. process, the production rate (parts/hour) was thought to affect the number of defectives found during a subsequent inspection. To test this theory, the production rate was varied and the numbers of defects were collected for the

> Deuce Printing Company realized that they were losing customers and orders due to various delays and errors. In order to get to the root cause of the problem, they decided to track problems that might be contributing to customer dissatisfaction. The list

> The Thomas Jefferson Nickel was first produced in 1938. The United States Mint produces all U.S. coins at their Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Denver, Colorado, facilities. According to the U.S. Code, a nickel has a nominal specification weight of 5.00

> Howie Fenton, a senior technology consultant for the National Association for Printing Leadership, relates the following in a blog: I ran into Mary Schilling recently at an industry event and congratulated her on her new blog on the Printing Impressions

> A process at Print wright, Inc.’s largest facility is used to make plastic gears for a computer printer. They have been receiving numerous complaints that the gears are jamming. The data provided in the C09 Problem Data workbook were gathered by a qualit

> The times required for 50 trainees in an electronics course at ElecktronTech to assemble a component used in a computer were measured. These are provided in the C09 Problem Data workbook. Construct a histogram of the data. What recommendations for improv

> A Six Sigma analyst in Laneri United Bank suspected that errors in counting and manually strapping cash into bundles were related to the number of weeks that employees had been employed on that job. Data collected are available in the C09 Problem Data wo

> A catalog order-filling process at Cats Catalog Company for personalized printed products for pet owners can be described as follows:54 Telephone orders are taken over a 12-hour period each day. Orders are collected from each person at the end of the day

> An order fulfillment process at M. Smith & Sons’ distribution center begins by printing an order label, placing it on a box, placing the box on a conveyor, scanning the label, removing the box from the conveyor, finding the item in the warehouse, placing

> The maintenance of products such as aircraft engines is part of a complex supply chain. Distribution centers fulfill orders for spare parts to customers around the world and typically run on a 24/7 basis. Each day, as many as 4,000 different SKUs are shi

> A large telecom call center that received over 100,000 calls each day applied Lean Six Sigma and identified root causes for several inefficiencies that were observed. These were (1) many agents were slow typists, resulting in long resolution times; (2) n

> Place write, Inc., an independent outplacement service, helps unemployed executives find jobs. One of the major activities of the service is pre paring resumes. Three word processors work at the service typing resumes and cover letters. Together they han

> Multisigma Corp. has a process they believe is operating near a six-sigma level and want to verify this. If the specification for a critical part in the process is 2.80 cm 6 0.10 and the standard deviation for the process is 0.02, at what sigma level is

> The Excel workbook C08 Problem Data provides data on quality losses at Sonoco Paper Mill. Find the percentage of cost for each category, and the cumulative percentages when the categories are sorted by decreasing costs. Construct an appropriate Excel cha

> The Morelia Mortgage Company (MMC) is a mediumsized mortgage lender that has continued to do well, despite the “meltdown” in the mortgage lending industry. Prior to the economic downturn, MMC was a principal supplier of lending services to Southwestern D

> Reship Solutions, Inc. has a distribution center in Cincinnati where it receives and breaks down bulk orders from suppliers’ factories and ships out products to retail customers. Prepare a pie or bar chart showing the different quality cost categories an

> Compute a labor cost base index for the data in the Excel workbook C08 Problem Data for Miami Valley Aircraft Service Co. Analyze the quality cost information and prepare a memo to management explaining your conclusions. (See the supplementary reading Qu

> Classify the cost elements for the Impressive Printing Company in the Excel workbook C08 Problem Data into the proper quality cost categories and find the total quality cost by category and percentage of total quality cost by category. Prepare a pie char

> Determine, using Figure 8.50, the appropriate sample size for detecting: a. A 1-sigma shift in the mean with a 0.80 probability b. A 2-sigma shift with 0.95 probability c. A 2.5-sigma shift with 0.90 probability

> Analyze the cost data in the Excel workbook C08 Problem Data for the Cost-cutting Co. Create a chart to help you explain the results. What are the implications of these data for management?

> Top Billers processes bills for customers. Bills can contain errors due to a number of causes, such as incorrect amounts, wrong dates, wrong customer information, etc. The quality manager for Top Billers decided to examine all bills processed over 25 wee

> A quality consultant was asked to analyze the data from order errors at the Audubon Books, Inc., distribution center as shown in the C08 Problem Data workbook. Any order can have one or more errors such as wrong item, incorrect customer information, etc.

> Pharma Express, Inc., a mail-order prescription drug vendor, measured the number of errors per standard 200-line order being picked in their distribution center as provided in the C08 Problem Data workbook. Compute the control limits for a c-chart using

> Federal Scanline, Inc. uses a scanner on a conveyor line that scans 1,000 packages per hour. Packages which have defective labels or detectable damage to the package are automatically offloaded and handchecked. Defects might be a number missing from a zi

> Construct an np-chart for the Dennis Manufacturing Company using the data in the C08 Problem Data workbook and the np-chart Excel template. The data represent the number of defective parts found in 30 samples, each of size 50. Explain the results.

> The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) monitors and evaluates health care providers according to strict standards and guidelines. Improvement in the quality of care is a principal concern. Hospitals are required to iden

> The manager of a customer service call center is concerned that the level of access of customers is decreasing due to heavier use. The proportion of peak period time when a customer is likely to quickly connect to a representative without waiting is cons

> One hundred insurance claim forms are inspected daily at Full Life Insurance Co. over 25 working days, and the number of forms with errors has been recorded as shown in the C08 Problem Data workbook. Construct a p-chart using the Excel template. If any p

> Samples of package orders were taken at the Altodiez Package Co. to determine if the orders were prepared correctly. The number of orders with errors for each of 25 days are given in the C08 Problem Data workbook. Two hundred orders are inspected each da

> Thirty samples of 100 items each were inspected at the Rummy Candy Company and 150 items were found to be defective. Compute control limits for a p-chart for this process.

> Boardwalk Electronics manufactures 300,000 circuit boards per month. A random sample of 3,000 boards is inspected every week for five characteristics. During a recent week, three defects were found for one characteristic, and two defects each were found

> Charlie’s China Emporium sells a variety of imported items at a seaside resort. The store owner wants to monitor daily sales, which are provided for 75 days in the C08 Problem Data workbook. Use the X&MR Excel template to construct an x- and moving range

> Chief Henry Batter of the Gotham City Police Department is trying to reduce the time required to answer the phone at police headquarters (in fractions of a minute). The data are provided in the C08 Problem Data workbook, and represent time in fractions o

> Calculate the process capability statistics for the outside diameters of the bottles made on the injection molding machine at the Moby Molding Co. in Problem 36. Use the Process Capability Excel template with 0.1 as the upper tolerance limit and 20.05 as

> An injection molding machine at the Moby Molding Co. used to make plastic bottles has four molding heads. The outside diameter of the bottle is an important measure of process performance. The C08 Problem Data workbook provides results from 30 samples in

> Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the primary regulatory agency for businesses that operate in food service industries. Product quality and safety are the FDA’s primary concern and there are very strict guidelines a company must fol

> El Grande Toro Restaurant advertises that customers will have their orders taken within three minutes after being seated. Management wants to monitor these times, as it is such an important guarantee for business. Forty samples of size 5 can be found in

> Fujiyama Electronics wants to construct x- and s-charts for circuit boards that are purchased from an outside supplier. A critical dimension is the distance between two holes on the board that are supposed to be 5 cm apart. Use the data in the C08 Proble

> Constant Hope Hospital wants to set up x and s control charts for the time required to perform a critical step in gall bladder surgery. Twenty-five samples of size 4 can be found in the C08 Problem Data workbook. Find the control limits using the appropr

> Drives has a statistically in-control manufacturing process that is normally distributed. Sample means and ranges for 15 samples of size 5 can be found in the C08 Problem Data workbook. Determine process capability indexes by estimating the standard devi

> For each of the control charts in Figure 8.56, assume that the process has been operating in statistical control for some time. What conclusions should the operators reach at this point?

> The initial data provided in the Excel workbook C08 Problem Data represent processing time values for 20 samples of size 4 that were taken from Rapid Check Kiters, Inc., a check processing firm, over a 20-hour period. a. Use the X-bar&R Excel template t

> Nighthawk Airlines measured their numbers of lost bags in one month and found that they had lost 35 bags for 10,000 customers. If the average number of bags per customer is 1.2, how many errors per million opportunities (tempo) does this represent? The w

> Use the data for Birdseye Magnetrons (Problem 24) and the X-bar&R Excel template to determine if the process appears to be in statistical control. Data from problem 24: Birdseye Magnetrons makes induction meters used in vending machines to test the vali

> Hermitage DNA Labs, LLC collected temperature readings in an analysis process. The data can be found in the C08 Problem Data workbook. a. Compute the mean and range of each sample and calculate control limits for x and R charts using the appropriate for

> J. McWilliams Swim Club is trying to calibrate its chlorine pump to ensure that the right amount of chlorine (1.0–1.5 ppm of free chlorine) is mixed into the water. Thirty samples of four readings at random times during the week were taken. These data ca

> Black Elk Medical Center (BEMC) is a qualitydriven acute care hospital organization that includes three medical facilities that treat both inpatients and outpatients. BEMC has won numerous national and local quality awards. These included the J.D. Power

> After some further analysis, River Bottom Fire Department (Problem 22) relocated one of their fire stations. After doing so, they wanted to evaluate response times to determine whether or not the response process was in control. Thirty new samples were t

> Twenty-five samples of size 4 resulted in statistics of x 5 38.0 minutes and R 5 3.0 minutes for the Turk master Cleaning Company’s average time to completely clean a rug. Compute control limits for x- and R-charts and estimate the standard deviation of

> Birdseye Magnetrons makes induction meters used in vending machines to test the validity of coins. Their specifications require the induction reading capability of the meters to fall between 0.25 and 0.50 Tesla (T) units. Quality analysts took 3 random t

> Palma State Bank is investigating the processing time for loan applications. Samples were taken for 25 random days from 5 branches. These data can be found in the C08 Problem Data workbook. a. Compute the mean and standard deviation, and construct a hist

> River Bottom Fire Department is evaluating their response times in order to determine whether a new fire station is needed. Samples were taken for 30 consecutive days from 6 stations. These data can be found in the C08 Problem Data workbook. a. Compute

> Suppose that a refrigeration process at Cold foods, Ltd. Has a normally distributed output with a mean of 27.0 and a variance of 1.21. a. If the specifications are 27.0 6 3.25, compute b. Suppose the mean shifts to 26.0 but the variance remains unchange

> Samples for three parts made at River City Parts Co. were taken and provided in the C08 Problem Data workbook. a. Calculate the mean and standard deviation for each part and compare the natural variation of each part to the following specification limit

> Well place Insurance Company processes insurance policy applications in batches of 50. One day, they had 10 batches to process and, after inspection, it was found that 4 batches had nonconforming policies. One batch had 3 nonconformances, another had 5,

> From the data for Saami Theatrical Products that can be found in the C08 Problem Data workbook, use the Process Capability Excel template to find a histogram and compute the process capability indexes. If the specifications are 22 6 0.03, estimate the pe

> A machining process at the Mach4 Tool Co. has a required dimension on a part of 0.575 6 0.007 inch. Dimensions of 25 parts were measured and are available in the C08 Problem Data workbook. a. Compute the process capability indexes using formulas (8.25) t

> This case is based on an application of QFD at Tennessee Technological University to their Research Resources Center (RRC), an internal service system. Originally created as a support facility for faculty and student research, the RRC has grown to offer

> Use formulas (8.26) and (8.27) to show mathematically that when the process mean is centered

> A gauge repeatability and reproducibility study was made at Accurate Parts, Inc., using three operators, taking three trials each on identical parts. The data can be found in the C08 Problem Data workbook. The part specification for the collar that was m

> A gauge repeatability and reproducibility study at Frankford Brake Systems collected the data found in the worksheet Prob. 8-15 in the Excel file C08Data.xlsx on the Student Companion Site for this chapter. Analyze these data. The part specification is 1

> A gauge repeatability and reproducibility study at New Gauge, Inc., collected data for three operators, two trials, and eight parts, available in the C08 Problem Data worksheet. The part specification is 1.5 6 0.1 inches. Use formulas (8.6) through (8.24

> Two scales at Aussieburgers, Ltd. were used to weigh the same 25 samples of hamburger patties for a fast food restaurant in Australia. Results are shown in the C08 Problem Data workbook. The samples were weighed in grams, and the supplier has ensured tha

> A genetic researcher at Gelb, Ltd. is trying to test two laboratory thermometers (that can be read to 1/100,000th of a degree Celsius) for accuracy and precision. She measured 25 samples with each and obtained the results found in the C08 Problem Data wo

> Analyze the quality losses at Beech ware Software Corp. using the data in the Excel workbook C08 Problem Data. What conclusions do you reach?

> Stateside Metrology Repairs, Inc. has a thriving business repairing and upgrading high-technology measuring instruments. The costs of quality that they have collected over the past year can be found in the Excel workbook C08 Problem Data. Analyze their q

> Leatherlike Manufacturing Company makes an artificial leather-like product for the fashion accessory market. The material is made in sheets and has the appearance of a thin rug. Each sheet is 36 inches wide and 100 feet long and is wound into a roll. The

> A team was formed to study the auto part at Adams Metal Fabricating described in Problem 8. While continuing to work to find the root cause of scrap, the team found a way to reduce the cost for scrapping the part to $45 per part. a. Determine the Taguch

> In a true story related by our colleague Professor James W. Dean, Jr., the general manager of an elevator company was frustrated with the lack of cooperation between the mechanical engineers who designed new elevators and the manufacturing engineers who

> A specification for the length of an auto part at Adams Metal Fabricating is 15.0 6 1.75 centimeters (cm). It costs $65 to scrap a part. Determine the Taguchi loss function. Then, determine the expected loss if the process mean is found to be 15.03 cm wi

> A team was formed to study the refrigerator part at Cool Food, Inc. described in Problem 6. While continuing to work to find the root cause of scrap, they found a way to reduce the scrap cost to $35 per part. a. Determine the Taguchi loss function for t

> A blueprint specification for the thickness of a refrigerator part at Cool Food, Inc. is 0.06 6 0.04 centimeters (cm). It costs $45 to scrap a part that is outside the specifications. Determine the Taguchi loss function for this situation.

> Georgia’s Giant Gyros (Problem 4) acquired some additional information about product characteristics. It found that consumers placed the highest importance on taste appeal (especially flavor), followed by healthiness (measured by sodium content and calor

> Georgia’s Giant Gyros conducted consumer surveys and focus groups concerning a new gyro sandwich design and the restaurant facility, and identified the most important customer expectations (not in any order of priority) as: Tasty, attractive, moderately

> National Partamiento installs and maintains thousands of refrigerators and other appliances in rental apartments across the country. They have conducted a short study of failure rates based on following the performance of 25,440 refrigerators that were i

> Newtonian, Inc. (Problem 2) faces three major competitors in this market: Oldphonia, Symphonic, and Collie onia. It found that potential consumers placed the highest importance on reliability (measured by such things as freedom from operating system cras

> Mega art, a large department store, has a very successful and profitable package-wrapping department. The department uses two complex bow-making machines that work inline to make the bows for the packages. Bow-making Machine 1 has a reliability of 0.97.