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Question: Deere & Company (http://www.deere.com)


Deere & Company (http://www.deere.com) (also known as John Deere, after its founder) is a world-leading manufacturer, distributor, and financier of equipment for agriculture, construction, forestry, and commercial and consumer applications (lawn and grounds care). Deere’s objective has consistently been to be the low-cost producer in the markets it serves. However, it seeks to do so while maintaining an image of quality and customer focus. Its company values are quality, innovation, integrity, and commitment. Because of the company’s close ties to the agricultural industry, corporate performance in both sales and profits was highly variable over the last several decades due to cycles of low prices and oversupplies of many agricultural products. During that period, the company made various adjustments in its product mix and manufacturing processes to enable it to better compete and survive in the global environment. The excerpts below come from various Deere annual reports.
1999 Highlighting our pursuit of genuine value through continuous improvement is an aggressive series of process-based initiatives targeting Six-Sigma levels of performance and customer satisfaction. During the year, some 900 projects involving the efforts of several thousand employees were completed or in progress. Their goal: Streamlining business processes, large and small, and pursuing operational excellence throughout the company.... In support of the initiative stressing customer focus, our operating divisions are structuring their activities around the core processes of customer acquisition, order fulfillment, product development and customer support. 2005 Deere employees are tightly aligned with our business objectives and are being evaluated and compensated accordingly. Virtually all 21,000 of our salaried employees worldwide follow detailed performance plans tailored to their own responsibilities and development potential. The plans spell out how each individual’s efforts contribute to meeting unit and company goals.... Building on a tradition of stewardship, the company has continued to develop product solutions that are less disruptive to the surrounding environment. Deere’s newly introduced Tier 3-compliant Power Tech Plus engines use the latest technology to deliver better fuel economy and more power while meeting stringent emissions regulations. 2008 Rigorous asset management lies at the heart of our strategy to achieve more consistent returns, add to our comparative advantage, and weather tough economic times.... Following rigorous processes everywhere helps address the growing scope and scale of our operations and helps achieve increased levels of consistency, simplicity, efficiency and quality. Many of our approaches are unique to Deere and hard to copy. With respect to quality improvement, the company is aggressively implementing the Deere Product Quality System (DPQS), a set of world-class manufacturing practices designed to meet rising customer expectations for increased product reliability. Product lines responsible for most of the company’s sales received advanced quality certification through 2008. DPQS is expected to make a major impact on the company’s ability to further serve customers and reduce expense as the effort advances quality to a still-higher level. As a leading corporate citizen, Deere takes its responsibilities seriously. In this regard, employee safety has always been one of John Deere’s top priorities. In 2008, our facilities remained among the safest in the world with employee injury-frequency rates in line with the company’s historic lows. As an environmental leader noted primarily for advanced equipment designed to treat the environment with increasing care, the company also has made sustainability an integral part of its operations. Through the aligned efforts of a dedicated workforce more than 50,000 strong worldwide, John Deere is establishing a performance-based culture that is making quite an impact on our results. Deere’s team enrichment initiative supports this emphasis on employee teaming and collaboration. 2010 As our world changes, so must John Deere. With those words, the company in 2010 introduced an ambitious blueprint to guide its efforts in meeting the world’s expanding needs in the years ahead.... The strategy concentrates the company’s focus on two growth areas—agricultural and construction equipment solutions. Other operations—turf, forestry, parts, engines, intelligent solutions, and financial services— have vital roles supporting or complementing the growth operations. Emphasizing a lineup of tightly knit operations puts Deere in a stronger position to leverage strengths, optimize investments, efficiently target leadership and employee resources, and extend its ability to compete in the global marketplace. Further, the revised strategy sets out challenging metrics including $50 billion in mid-cycle sales by 2018 and 12 percent mid-cycle operating margins by
2014. In addition, measures are being introduced to help assure that financial performance remains sustainable as we accelerate our growth aspirations. “Health” metrics, as they’re being known, pertain to product quality, market share and employee engagement, among other areas. 2012 “Feet on the ground, eyes on the horizon” is the theme of this year’s annual report—and one of the main themes underlying how we do business. As John Deere expands its market presence and pursues attractive growth opportunities throughout the world, we are committed to maintaining our focus on operational excellence, disciplined cost and asset management, and peerless customer service. What’s more, our aim is to do all these things while remaining grounded in bedrock values such as integrity that have shaped our character and sustained our success for many generations. 2015 Deere’s far-reaching operating strategy made further progress in 2015. Captured in the phrase “Feet on the Ground, Eyes on the Horizon,” the plan emphasizes managing safe, efficient operations; providing high-quality, advanced products; and investing to expand our competitive position in key markets. The company is reinforcing its strategic plan by placing a more intense focus on quality and innovation. We are doing so because products of exceptional quality often earn higher levels of customer satisfaction and claim a larger share of the market.… Last year, the company’s sweeping distinctive-quality effort made important gains toward achieving targeted quality levels by the end of 2016. We’ve had particular success improving our ability to identify and address quality issues before products leave the factory floor. 2017 Central to our strategy, Deere is intensifying its focus on innovation and quality.… We are strengthening our commitment to technology, analytics, and precision agriculture. All are areas where we intend to be the undisputed leader. We believe the integration of our products with advanced technology—leading to smarter, more productive equipment—will shape the future of farming. Additionally, our plans stress reinforcing our strong relationship with dealers. Their expertise and connection to customers give Deere a powerful competitive advantage. Our dealers are continuing to make investments and improve their capabilities, particularly in areas such as precision agriculture, in order to better support customers. Assignment On the basis of this information, prepare a brief report discussing Deere & Company’s evolution of quality. Relate your discussion to historical trends, future challenges, the various definitional perspectives of quality, and other issues discussed in this chapter, including quality perspectives. For example, how has their perspective of quality and the practices used to implement it changed over the years? Update the case by reviewing Deere’s latest annual report and include any new information in your analysis.


> Summarize the key customer focused practices for performance excellence. Which of these are reflected in the City of Fort Collins and K&N Management?

> How is the net promoter score measured? What insights does the score provide to management?

> Why do many customer satisfaction efforts fail?

> Explain the concept of importance-performance analysis and its benefit to an organization.

> How might your school use the gap model in Figure 3.5? Figure 3.5:

> What types of questions should be included in customer satisfaction surveys?

> Why should an organization measure customer satisfaction? Describe the key steps that must be addressed in designing customer satisfaction surveys.

> How can customer relationship management (CRM) software help organizations develop and improve a focus on customers?

> Why are strategic partnerships and alliances useful to an organization?

> List the key factors that should be included in a good service recovery.

> Why should a company make it easy for customers to complain? Describe the features of an effective complaint management process.

> What are customer contact requirements? Provide some examples different from those in the book.

> What specific issues of customer focus are addressed in the ISO 9000 framework?

> Explain the role of training and empowerment of customer-contact employees in achieving customer satisfaction.

> Who are customer contact employees? Why are they critical to an organization?

> In the context of a fast-food restaurant, make a list of different characteristics that might describe “freshness.” Classify them by means of an affinity diagram. What does your response mean for measuring satisfaction of this attribute?

> Explain the importance of commitments to building customer relation

> What is the Zero Moment of Truth? How does it influence customer purchasing decisions and, ultimately, satisfaction

> What is a moment of truth, and how can this concept be used to improve quality?

> Explain the gap model shown in Figure 3.5. What do expected quality, actual quality, and perceived quality mean, and how do they relate with one another? Figure 3.5:

> Describe how affinity diagrams are used to organize and work with customer-related information.

> What is the voice of the customer? List the major listening and learning approaches used to gather voice of the customer information. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

> What is the Kano model, and what are its implications for quality management?

> Explain the two classifications of quality dimensions for goods and services. Contrast the similarities and differences between the two classifications for services.

> What factors influence customer value and satisfaction?

> Summarize the breakthrough sequence that Juran advocated for quality improvement.

> In a typical Baldrige assessment, examiners identify strengths and opportunities for improvement based on an applicant’s response to the Baldrige Criteria questions. Read the response to the Criteria questions in Category 6, Operations, for Arroyo Fresco

> Explain Juan’s Quality Trilogy

> Explain the implications of not understanding the components of Profound Knowledge as suggested by Peter Scholes.

> Why is it important to understand variation from a statistical perspective?

> What is a system? Why is “systems thinking” important to quality management?

> Summarize the four components of Profound Knowledge. How do they mutually support each other?

> Summarize Deming’s 14 Points. How does each point relate to the four components of Profound Knowledge?

> Explain the Deming chain reaction.

> Explain the difference between common and special causes of variation.

> What are the operational problems created by excessive variation?

> What is statistical thinking? Why is it important to managers and workers at all levels of an organization?

> In a typical Baldrige assessment, examiners identify strengths and opportunities for improvement based on an applicant’s response to the Baldrige Criteria questions. Read the response to the Criteria questions in Category 5, Workforce, in the Arroyo Fres

> State two or three practices associated with each principle of quality management.

> List and briefly explain the seven principles of quality management.

> Explain the differences among quality principles, practices, and techniques.

> Summarize the key contributions of Feigen Baum and Ishikawa to modern quality thinking.

> What are Crosby’s Absolutes of Quality Management and Basic Elements of Improvement? How are they similar to or different from Deming’s 14 Points?

> How is Juran’s philosophy similar to or different from Deming’s?

> How does Deming’s definition of quality—“A product or a service possesses quality if it helps somebody and enjoys a good and sustainable market”—compare with the definitions discussed in Chapter 1?

> Why are all quality management systems not effective? What can be done to make them effective?

> What are the principal benefits of ISO 9000?

> Briefly summarize the rationale behind ISO 9000. What are the objectives of the standards?

> In a typical Baldrige assessment, examiners identify strengths and opportunities for improvement based on an applicant’s response to the Baldrige Criteria questions. Read the response to the Criteria questions in Category 3, Customers, in the Arroyo Fres

> What is a quality management system (QMS)? Describe the features that a good QMS should have.

> What are the lessons of the red bead and funnel experiments? Can you cite any examples in your experience where someone acted counter to these lessons?

> Explain the two fundamental mistakes that managers make when attempting to improve a process. Can you cite any examples in your personal experience in which such mistakes were made?

> Why is it important to personalize quality principles?

> What evidence exists to counter the claim that “Quality does not pay”?

> Explain the role of both design and conformance quality in improving a firm’s profitability.

> What did Philip Crosby mean by “Quality is free”?

> How does quality support the achievement of competitive advantage?

> How can business support activities help to sustain quality in an organization? Give examples of some key business support activities and their role in quality

> Explain the roles of people and information technology in providing quality service. How does The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, LLC use employees and information technology for quality service?

> The Baldrige Materials folder on the Student Companion Site contains a document called “Baldrige Excellence Builder,” which is an abbreviated version of the Baldrige Criteria. It also contains a case study of a fictitious organization, Arroyo Fresco. Thi

> Discuss the differences between manufacturing and service organizations. What are the implications of these differences for quality management?

> Why is service quality especially important in today’s business environment?

> Explain the role of the quality function in a typical company.

> Explain how each major function of a manufacturing system contributes to total quality.

> Define the following terms: a. quality assurance b. total quality c. performance excellence d. competitive advantage

> Briefly summarize the history of quality before and since the industrial revolution. What caused the most significant changes?

> Explain why a single quality definition is not sufficient.

> Examine the annual reports of one company over a period of years. Summarize how quality is discussed or implied in the company’s statements and philosophy. Are any changes in the perspectives of quality evident over time?

> Choose an organization of interest, conduct appropriate research, and write a case similar to the Xerox Quality in Practice in this chapter, documenting their quality journey and practices.

> Develop a portfolio of advertisements from newspapers and magazines and illustrate how quality is used in promoting these products. How do the ads imply the different definitions of quality?

> Consolidated Metal Works (CMW) was founded in the mid-1940s in a 3,000-square-foot building with nine people as a small family business to produce custom machined parts. In the 1960s, as business grew, the company expanded its facilities and its capabili

> Does your state have a quality award program? If so, obtain some current information about the program and report on it. If not, try to find a neighboring state with an award program and report on it.

> Obtain the current Baldrige Excellence Frame work document for business and nonprofit organizations. For each numbered set of questions in Categories 1–6 of the Baldrige Criteria, determine whether each of the core values and concepts are reflected (a) s

> Find the application summary for a recent Baldrige recipient on the Baldrige website, and identify at least three “role-model” practices among the first six categories. Justify why you consider them “role model”

> Visit the Baldrige Program website (http://www .nist.gov/baldrige) and write a report on the information that can be found there.

> Try to identify and contrast the core competencies of two different organizations within the same industry, such as Dell and Apple, Toyota and General Motors, or Sears and Walmart, for example. Does your research suggest that these competencies are refle

> Compare the organizational structures of several manufacturing or service firms. What differences are reflected in their quality approaches and results?

> In your role as a student, develop your own statements of mission, vision, and guiding principles. How would you create a strategy to achieve your mission and vision?

> Research the strategic planning practices of recent Baldrige Award winners. Discuss different approaches that these firms use and why they seem appropriate for their organizations. How do they reflect the leading practices described in this chapter?

> Does your university or college have a mission and strategy? How might policy deployment be used in a university setting? Discuss with a senior executive administrator at your college or university (such as the VP of administration or the VP of academic

> Find several examples of mission and vision statements for Fortune 500 companies. Critique these statements with respect to their usefulness, relevance to the organization, and ability to inspire and motivate employees.

> An international bottle manufacturer produces glass containers for customers that include condiment producers, breweries, and wineries. The growing demand for plastic containers, and a history of higher production costs due to high scrap and return rates

> Interview managers at some local organizations to determine whether they have well-defined missions, visions, and guiding principles. If they do, how are these translated into strategy? If not, what steps should they take?

> Use the Baldrige Organizational Profile questions to prepare an organizational profile for your college or a local organization that would be willing to provide you with the information. Use the format of the Arroyo Fresco case study in the Baldrige Mate

> Work with teachers at a local high school or grade school to identify some students who are having difficulties in school. Apply quality tools to help find the source of the problems and create an improvement plan.

> Search the Internet for websites that contain descriptions and examples of quality improvement methodologies. How do they compare with the ones described in this chapter?

> In small teams, develop cause-and-effect diagrams for the following problems: a. Poor exam grade b. No job offers c. Late for work or school

> Develop a flowchart of the process you use to study for an exam. How might you improve this process?

> Find a local company that is using Six Sigma or lean principles. Write a case study of their experiences, focusing on the challenges they faced during their implementation efforts.

> Identify an important problem around your school or in some related function, such as a student organization, and apply the DMAIC process to develop an improved solution. Use whatever process improvement tools are appropriate.

> Three popular websites for Six Sigma are http:// www.ge.com/sixsigma, http://www.isixsigma.com, and http://asq.org/sixsigma. Explore these sites and consider the following questions. a. How does GE use Six Sigma to enhance customer perception of its pro

> Investigate design-for-environment practices in some of your local industries. Describe company policies and the methods and techniques that they use to address environmental concerns in product design.

> Senior managers at The Morgan Company had developed a new and inspiring mission statement—one that set a new direction for the company with ambitious strategic goals. Management continually emphasized the new strategy and asked employees what they needed

> Prepare a full DFMEA for a casual dining restaurant. Consider failure modes that might occur both in food preparation and in service. Clearly explain and justify your choices for the severity, likelihood, and detection ratings.

> Fill in the following relationship matrix of a House of Quality for a screwdriver. By sampling your classmates, develop priorities for the customer attributes and use these and the relationships to identify key technical requirements to deploy.

> Most children (and many adults) like to assemble and fly balsa-wood gliders. From your own experiences or from interviews with other students, define a set of customer requirements for a good glider. (Even better, buy one and test it to determine these r

> Suppose that you were developing a small pizza restaurant with a dining area and local delivery. Develop a list of customer requirements and technical requirements and try to complete a House of Quality. What service standards might such an operation hav

> Using whatever “market research” techniques are appropriate, define a set of customer attributes for a. Purchasing books at your college bookstore b. A college registration process c. A hotel room used for business d. A hotel room used for family lei

> The web site http://www.paperhelicopterexperiment.com/ describes how to build a paper helicopter to conduct a designed experiment. Choose only 3 factors from the list provided, and build helicopters to identify the best design that keeps the helicopter a

> Devise an experiment similar to the battery performance test case (see the Battery Experiment case that follows) to test different levels of some factor and conduct a statistical analysis of the results. Write up your experiment and results in a report a

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