Jim Reed manages a fleet of utility trucks for a rural county government. He’s been in his job for 30 years, and he knows where the angles are. He makes sure that when new trucks are purchased, the residual value is set as low as possible. Then, when they become fully depreciated, they are sold off by the county at residual value. Jim makes sure his buddies in the construction business are first in line for the bargain sales, and they make sure he gets a little something back. Recently, a new county commissioner was elected with vows to cut expenses for the taxpayers. Unlike other commissioners, this man has a business degree, and he is coming to visit Jim tomorrow. Requirements: 1. When a business sells a fully depreciated asset for its residual value, is a gain or loss recognized? 2. How do businesses determine what residual values to use for their various assets? Are there “hard and fast” rules for residual values? 3. How would an organization prevent the kind of fraud depicted here?
> Peter Company purchased equipment on January 1, 2018, for $28,000. Suppose Peter Company sold the equipment for $4,000 on December 31, 2019. Accumulated Depreciation as of December 31, 2019, was $11,000. Journalize the sale of the equipment, assuming str
> Alpha Communication purchased equipment on January 1, 2018, for $27,500. Suppose Alpha Communication sold the equipment for $20,000 on December 31, 2020. Accumulated Depreciation as of December 31, 2020, was $10,000. Journalize the sale of the equipment,
> On October 31, 2018, Alternative Landscapes discarded equipment that had a cost of $26,920. Accumulated Depreciation as of December 31, 2017, was $25,000. Assume annual depreciation on the equipment is $1,920. Journalize the partial-year depreciation exp
> Calm Day reported the following income statement for the year ended December 31, 2019: Requirements: 1. Compute Calm Day’s inventory turnover rate for the year. (Round to two decimal places.) 2. Compute Calm Day’s da
> Assume that Smith’s Auto Sales paid $45,000 for equipment with a 15-year life and zero expected residual value. After using the equipment for six years, the company determines that the asset will remain useful for only five more years. Requirements: 1.
> On January 1, 2018, Advanced Airline purchased a used airplane at a cost of $60,500,000. Advanced Airline expects the plane to remain useful for eight years (5,000,000 miles) and to have a residual value of $5,500,000. Advanced Airline expects the plane
> On January 1, 2018, Air Canadians purchased a used airplane for $37,000,000. Air Canadians expects the plane to remain useful for five years (4,000,000 miles) and to have a residual value of $5,000,000. The company expects the plane to be flown 1,400,000
> Concord Pet Care Clinic paid $210,000 for a group purchase of land, building, and equipment. At the time of the acquisition, the land had a market value of $110,000, the building $88,000, and the equipment $22,000. Journalize the lump-sum purchase of the
> Highland Clothing purchased land, paying $96,000 cash and signing a $300,000 note payable. In addition, Highland paid delinquent property tax of $1,100, title insurance costing $600, and $4,600 to level the land and remove an unwanted building. Record th
> White Corporation purchased equipment for $22,000. White recorded total depreciation of $19,000 on the equipment. On January 1, 2018, White traded in the equipment for new equipment, paying $23,200 cash. The fair market value of the new equipment is $25,
> Biagas, Inc. had net sales of $55,600,000 for the year ended May 31, 2018. Its beginning and ending total assets were $52,800,000 and $98,500,000, respectively. Determine Biagas’s asset turnover ratio for year ended May 31, 2018.
> On June 15, 2017, Family Furniture discarded equipment that had a cost of $27,000, a residual value of $0, and was fully depreciated. Journalize the disposal of the equipment.
> On February 28, 2017, Rural Tech Support purchased a copy machine for $53,400. Rural Tech Support expects the machine to last for six years and have a residual value of $3,000. Compute depreciation expense on the machine for the year ended December 31, 2
> What is goodwill? Is goodwill amortized? What happens if the value of goodwill has decreased at the end of the year?
> Nature Foods Grocery reported the following comparative income statements for the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018: During 2019, Nature Foods Grocery discovered that ending 2018 merchandise inventory was overstated by $5,500. Requirements: 1. Prepar
> How is gain or loss determined when disposing of plant assets? What situation constitutes a gain? What situation constitutes a loss?
> What financial statement are property, plant, and equipment reported on, and how?
> If a business changes the estimated useful life or estimated residual value of a plant asset, what must the business do in regard to depreciation expense?
> What is the depreciation method that is used for tax accounting purposes? How is it different than the methods that are required by GAAP to be used for financial accounting purposes?
> How does a business decide which depreciation method is best to use?
> What is depreciation? Define useful life, residual value, and depreciable cost.
> What is the difference between a capital expenditure and a revenue expenditure? Give an example of each.
> What does it mean if an exchange of plant assets has commercial substance? Are gains and losses recorded on the books because of the exchange?
> What does the asset turnover ratio measure, and how is it calculated?
> What is the process by which businesses spread the allocation of an intangible asset’s cost over its useful life?
> Hot Bread Bakery reported Net sales revenue of $44,000 and cost of goods sold of $33,000. Compute Hot Bread’s correct gross profit if the company made either of the following independent accounting errors. Show your work. a. Ending merchandise inventory
> What is an intangible asset? Provide some examples.
> What is a natural resource? What is the process by which businesses spread the allocation of a natural resource’s cost over its usage?
> How is discarding of a plant asset different from selling a plant asset?
> Which depreciation method ignores residual value until the last year of depreciation? Why?
> What is a lump-sum purchase, and how is it accounted for?
> What does the word capitalize mean?
> How do land improvements differ from land?
> Plant assets are recorded at historical cost. What does the historical cost of a plant asset include?
> Define property, plant, and equipment. Provide some examples.
> During 2018, Lora Company completed the following transactions: Record the transactions in the journal of Lora Company. Jan. 1 Traded in old office equipment with book value of $55,000 (cost of $129,000 and accumulated depreciation of $74,000) for
> Nutriset Foods reports merchandise inventory at the lower-of-cost-or-market. Prior to releasing its financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2019, Nutriset’s preliminary income statement, before the year-end adjustments, appear
> Core Telecom provides communication services in Iowa, Nebraska, the Dakotas, and Montana. Core purchased goodwill as part of the acquisition of Surety Wireless Company, which had the following figures: Requirements: 1. Journalize the entry to record Co
> Donahue Oil Incorporated has an account titled Oil and Gas Properties. Donahue paid $6,400,000 for oil reserves holding an estimated 400,000 barrels of oil. Assume the company paid $510,000 for additional geological tests of the property and $470,000 to
> Whitney Plumb Associates surveys American eating habits. The company’s accounts include Land, Buildings, Office Equipment, and Communication Equipment, with a separate Accumulated Depreciation account for each asset. During 2018, Whitne
> On January 3, 2018, Speedy Delivery Service purchased a truck at a cost of $67,000. Before placing the truck in service, Speedy spent $3,000 painting it, $1,200 replacing tires, and $3,500 overhauling the engine. The truck should remain in service for fi
> Safe Parking, near an airport, incurred the following costs to acquire land, make land improvements, and construct and furnish a small building: Safe Parking depreciates land improvements over 15 years, buildings over 40 years, and furniture over 10 ye
> During 2018, Mora Corporation completed the following transactions: Record the transactions in the journal of Mora Corporation. Jan. 1 Traded in old office equipment with book value of $55,000 (cost of $127,000 and accumulated depreciation of $72,0
> Midland States Telecom provides communication services in Iowa, Nebraska, the Dakotas, and Montana. Midland States Telecom purchased goodwill as part of the acquisition of Sheldon Wireless Enterprises, which had the following figures: Requirements: 1.
> Conseco Oil, Inc. has an account titled Oil and Gas Properties. Conseco paid $6,600,000 for oil reserves holding an estimated 1,000,000 barrels of oil. Assume the company paid $570,000 for additional geological tests of the property and $450,000 to prepa
> Ellie Johnson Associates surveys American eating habits. The company’s accounts include Land, Buildings, Office Equipment, and Communication Equipment, with a separate Accumulated Depreciation account for each depreciable asset. During
> On January 3, 2018, Rapid Delivery Service purchased a truck at a cost of $100,000. Before placing the truck in service, Rapid spent $3,000 painting it, $600 replacing tires, and $10,400 overhauling the engine. The truck should remain in service for five
> Clarmont Resources, which uses the FIFO inventory costing method, has the following account balances at May 31, 2019, prior to releasing the financial statements for the year: Merchandise Inventory, ending …………………………………………………. $ 13,500 Cost of Goods Sol
> Discount parking, near an airport, incurred the following costs to acquire land, make land improvements, and construct and furnish a small building: Discount Parking depreciates land improvements over 15 years, buildings over 40 years, and furniture ov
> View a link toTarget Corporation’s Fiscal 2015 annual report at http://www.pearsonhighered.com/Horngren. Refer to the Target Corporation financial statements, including Notes 14 and 15. Answer the following questions. Requirements: 1. Which depreciation
> Partner Bank recently traded in office fixtures. Here are the facts: Old fixtures: New fixtures: Cost, $91,000 …………..………..……………………………………………Cash paid, $110,000 Accumulated depreciation, $68,000 ………………………………..Market value, $133,000 Requirements: 1.
> Blacker by Photo reported the following figures on its December 31, 2018, income statement and balance sheet: Compute the asset turnover ratio for 2018 Round to two decimal places. Net sales $ 441,000 Dec. 31, 2018 Dec. 31, 2017 Cash $ 31,000 $ 30,
> Melbourn Printers (MP) manufactures printers. Assume that MP recently paid $200,000 for a patent on a new laser printer. Although it gives legal protection for 20 years, the patent is expected to provide a competitive advantage for only eight years. Req
> Cannon Mountain Mining paid $462,300 for the right to extract mineral assets from a 400,000-ton deposit. In addition to the purchase price, Cannon also paid a $900 filing fee, a $1,800 license fee to the state of Nevada, and $55,000 for a geological surv
> On January 2, 2016, Pet Spa purchased fixtures for $37,800 cash, expecting the fixtures to remain in service for six years. Pet Spa has depreciated the fixtures on a straight-line basis, with $9,000 residual value. On May 31, 2018, Pet Spa sold the fixtu
> On January 2, 2017, Comfy Clothing Consignments purchased showroom fixtures for $17,000 cash, expecting the fixtures to remain in service for five years. Comfy has depreciated the fixtures on a double-declining-balance basis, with zero residual value. On
> Salem Hardware Consultants purchased a building for $540,000 and depreciated it on a straight-line basis over a 40-year period. The estimated residual value is $100,000. After using the building for 15 years, Salem realized that wear and tear on the buil
> Assume that AB Tire Store completed the following perpetual inventory transactions for a line of tires: Requirements: 1. Compute cost of goods sold and gross profit using the FIFO inventory costing method. 2. Compute cost of goods sold and gross profit
> Suppose you manage Campbell Appliance. The store’s summarized financial statements for 2019, the most recent year, follow: Assume that you need to double net income. To accomplish your goal, it will be very difficult to raise the sale
> Crispy Fried Chicken bought equipment on January 2, 2018, for $33,000. The equipment was expected to remain in service for four years and to operate for 6,750 hours. At the end of the equipment’s useful life, Crispy’s estimates that its residual value wi
> Maplewood Properties bought three lots in a subdivision for a lump-sum price. An independent appraiser valued the lots as follows: Lot ………………………………………………………………………..Appraised Value 1 ………………………………………………………….………………………………$ 144,000 2 ………………………………………………..…………
> Wimot Trucking Corporation uses the units-of-production depreciation method because units-of-production best measures wear and tear on the trucks. Consider these facts about one Mack truck in the company’s fleet. When acquired in 2015, the rig cost $360,
> Princeton has acquired several other companies. Assume that Princeton purchased Kelleher for $9,000,000 cash. The book value of Kelleher’s assets is $19,000,000 (market value, $20,000,000), and it has liabilities of $12,000,000 (market value, $12,000,000
> Consider the following expenditures: Classify each of the expenditures as a capital expenditure or a revenue expenditure related to machinery. a. Purchase price. b. Ordinary recurring repairs to keep the machinery in good working order. c. Lubricat
> Lawson Furniture purchased land, paying $65,000 cash and signing a $250,000 note payable. In addition, Lawson paid delinquent property tax of $5,000, title insurance costing $4,000, and $9,000 to level the land and remove an unwanted building. The compan
> Western Bank & Trust purchased land and a building for the lump sum of $3,000,000. To get the maximum tax deduction, Western allocated 90% of the purchase price to the building and only 10% to the land. A more realistic allocation would have been 70% to
> Amber and Zack Wilson are continuing to review business practices. Currently, they are reviewing the company’s property, plant, and equipment and have gathered the following information: Requirements: 1. Calculate the amount of monthl
> Top Quality Appliance—Long Beach has just purchased a franchise from Top Quality Appliance (TQA). TQA is a manufacturer of kitchen appliances. TQA markets its products via retail stores that are operated as franchises. As a TQA franchis
> In 150 words or fewer, explain the different methods that can be used to calculate depreciation. Your explanation should include how to calculate depreciation expense using each method.
> Assume that Toys Galore store bought and sold a line of dolls during December as follows: Requirements: 1. Compute the cost of goods sold, cost of ending merchandise inventory, and gross profit using the FIFO inventory costing method. 2. Compute the co
> Sears Holdings Corporation is the parent company of Kmart Holding Corporation and Sears, Roebuck and Co. The corporation operates more than 1,600 retail stores in the United States and offers online shopping through both sears.com and kmart.com. Require
> On December 1, Kyle Corporation accepted a 60-day, 9%, $12,000 note receivable from J. Michael in exchange for his account receivable. Requirements: 1. Journalize the transaction on December 1. 2. Journalize the adjusting entry needed on December 31 to
> On June 6, Lakeland Bank & Trust lent $80,000 to Stephan Stow on a 30-day, 9% note. Requirements: 1. Journalize for Lakeland the lending of the money on June 6. 2. Journalize the collection of the principal and interest at maturity. Specify the date. Ro
> Surf and Sun had the following balances at December 31, 2018, before the year-end adjustments: Requirements: 1. Journalize Surf and Sun’s entry to record bad debts expense for 2018 using the aging-of-receivables method. 2. Prepare a T
> The Accounts Receivable balance for Lake, Inc. at December 31, 2017, was $20,000. During 2018, Lake earned revenue of $454,000 on account and collected $325,000 on account. Lake wrote off $5,600 receivables as uncollectible. Industry experience suggests
> During its first year of operations, Fall Wine Tour earned net credit sales of $311,000. Industry experience suggests that bad debts will amount to 3% of net credit sales. At December 31, 2018, accounts receivable total $44,000. The company uses the allo
> The Accounts Receivable balance and Allowance for Bad Debts for Signature Lamp Company at December 31, 2017, was $10,800 and $2,000 (credit balance), respectively. During 2018, Signature Lamp Company completed the following transactions: a. Sales revenu
> Record the following transactions for Summer Consulting. Explanations are not required. Apr. 15 Provided consulting services to Bob Jones and billed the customer $1,500. 18 Provided consulting services to Samantha Cruise and billed the customer $865
> Consider internal control over receivables collections. What job must be withheld from a company’s credit department in order to safeguard its cash? If the credit department does perform this job, what can a credit department employee do to hurt the comp
> Silver Clothiers reported the following selected items at April 30, 2018 (last year’s—2017—amounts also given as needed): Compute Silver’s (a) acid-test ratio, (b) accounts receiva
> Golf Unlimited carries an inventory of putters and other golf clubs. The sales price of each putter is $119. Company records indicate the following for a particular line of Golf Unlimited’s putters: Requirements: 1. Prepare Golf Unlim
> McKale Corporation has a three-month, $18,000, 9% note receivable from L. Peters that was signed on June 1, 2018. Peters defaults on the loan on September 1. Journalize the entry for McKale to record the default of the loan.
> A table of notes receivable for 2018 follows: For each of the notes receivable, compute the amount of interest revenue earned during 2018. Round to the nearest dollar. Principal Interest Rate Interest Period During 2018 Note 1 S 30,000 6% 6 months
> Spring Garden Greenhouse had trouble collecting its account receivable from Steve Stone. On June 19, 2018, Spring Garden Greenhouse finally wrote off Stone’s $600 account receivable. On December 31, Stone sent a $600 check to Spring Garden Greenhouse. Jo
> Shawna Valley is an attorney in Los Angeles. Valley uses the direct write-off method to account for uncollectible receivables. At April 30, 2018, Valley’s accounts receivable totaled $19,000. During May, she earned revenue of $22,000 on account and colle
> Why must companies record accrued interest revenue at the end of the accounting period?
> In accounting for bad debts, how do the income statement approach and the balance sheet approach differ?
> What is the difference between the percent-of-receivables and aging-of-receivables methods?
> How do the percent-of-receivables and aging-of-receivables methods compute bad debts expense?
> What are some limitations of using the direct write-off method?
> What occurs when a business pledges its receivables?
> Golf Unlimited carries an inventory of putters and other golf clubs. The sales price of each putter is $119. Company records indicate the following for a particular line of Golf Unlimited’s putters: Requirements: 1. Prepare Golf Unlim
> What occurs when a business factors its receivables?
> What is a critical element of internal control in the handling of receivables by a business? Explain how this element is accomplished.
> What is the difference between accounts receivable and notes receivable?
> What does the days’ sale in receivables indicate, and how is it calculated?
> What does the accounts receivable turnover ratio measure, and how is it calculated?
> How is the acid-test ratio calculated, and what does it signify?
> What is the formula to compute interest on a note receivable?
> How does the percent-of-sales method compute bad debts expense?
