Question: One tool of financial analysis is common-

> Panda Inc.’s net income for the most recent year was $9,620. The tax rate was 34 percent. The firm paid $2,380 in total interest expense and deducted $3,170 in depreciation expense. What was the company’s cash coverage ratio for the year?

> Given the following information for O’Hara Marine Co., calculate the depreciation expense: sales 5 $44,000; costs 5 $27,500; addition to retained earnings 5 $5,200; dividends paid 5 $1,670; interest expense 5 $1,850; tax rate 5 40 percent.

> A small business called The Grandmother Calendar Company began selling personalized photo calendar kits. The kits were a hit, and sales soon sharply exceeded forecasts. The rush of orders created a huge backlog, so the company leased more space and expan

> Find the EAR in each of the following cases: APR Number of Times Compounded EAR 6.7% Quarterly 12.4 Monthly 9.8 Daily 8.4 Infinite

> The Whisenhunt Company has a ratio of long-term debt to long-term debt and equity of .29 and a current ratio of 1.20. Current liabilities are $1,280, sales are $6,140, profit margin is 8.9 percent, and ROE is 17.6 percent. What is the amount of the firm’

> Schwert Corp. shows the following information on its 2015 income statement: sales = $215,000; costs = $117,000; other expenses = $6,700; depreciation expense = $18,400; interest expense = $10,000; taxes = $25,370; dividends = $9,500. In addition, you’re

> A small business called The Grandmother Calendar Company began selling personalized photo calendar kits. The kits were a hit, and sales soon sharply exceeded forecasts. The rush of orders created a huge backlog, so the company leased more space and expan

> The Perpetual Life Insurance Co. is trying to sell you an investment policy that will pay you and your heirs $12,000 per year forever. If the required return on this investment is 4.7 percent, how much will you pay for the policy? Suppose the Perpetual L

> A company has net income of $314,000 a profit margin of 8.9 percent, and an accounts receivable balance of $152,800. Assuming 80 percent of sales are on credit, what is the company’s days’ sales in receivables?

> Synovec Company has a debt–equity ratio of .70. Return on assets is 8.4 percent, and total equity is $840,000. What is the equity multiplier? Return on equity? Net income?

> During the year, the Senbet Discount Tire Company had gross sales of $925,000. The firm’s cost of goods sold and selling expenses were $490,000 and $220,000, respectively. Senbet also had notes payable of $740,000. These notes carried an interest rate of

> A small business called The Grandmother Calendar Company began selling personalized photo calendar kits. The kits were a hit, and sales soon sharply exceeded forecasts. The rush of orders created a huge backlog, so the company leased more space and expan

> An investment offers $5,650 per year for 15 years, with the first payment occurring one year from now. If the required return is 8 percent, what is the value of the investment? What would the value be if the payments occurred for 40 years? For 75 years?

> The Optical Scam Company has forecast a sales growth rate of 15 percent for next year. The current financial statements are shown here: a. Using the equation from the chapter, calculate the external funds needed for next year. b. Construct the firm&acir

> A small business called The Grandmother Calendar Company began selling personalized photo calendar kits. The kits were a hit, and sales soon sharply exceeded forecasts. The rush of orders created a huge backlog, so the company leased more space and expan

> The Stancil Corporation provided the following current information: Determine the cash flows from the firm and the cash flows to investors of the firm. Proceeds from long-term borrowing $17,800 Proceeds from the sale of common stock 5,000 Purchases o

> Investment X offers to pay you $3,900 per year for nine years, whereas Investment Y offers to pay you $6,100 per year for five years. Which of these cash flow streams has the higher present value if the discount rate is 5 percent? If the discount rate is

> Prince Albert Canning PLC had a net loss of £26,832 on sales of £294,813. What was the company’s profit margin? Does the fact that these figures are quoted in a foreign currency make any difference? Why? In dollars, sales were $372,484. What was the net

> Ritter Corporation’s accountants prepared the following financial statements for year-end 2015: a. Explain the change in cash during 2015. b. Determine the change in net working capital in 2015. c. Determine the cash flow generated by t

> A small business called The Grandmother Calendar Company began selling personalized photo calendar kits. The kits were a hit, and sales soon sharply exceeded forecasts. The rush of orders created a huge backlog, so the company leased more space and expan

> A financial ratio by itself tells us little about a company because financial ratios vary a great deal across industries. There are two basic methods for analyzing financial ratios for a company: Time trend analysis and peer group analysis. In time trend

> Wilkinson Co. has identified an investment project with the following cash flows. If the discount rate is 10 percent, what is the present value of these cash flows? What is the present value at 18 percent? At 24 percent? Year Cash Flow $

> A and Firm B have debt–total asset ratios of 25 percent and 40 percent and returns on total assets of 8 percent and 7 percent, respectively. Which firm has a greater return on equity?

> Why is the goal of financial management to maximize the current value of the company’s stock? In other words, why isn’t the goal to maximize the future value?

> Referring back to the Ford example at the beginning of the chapter, note that we suggested that Ford’s stockholders probably didn’t suffer as a result of the reported loss. What do you think was the basis for our conclusion?

> Given the information for Jordan’s Golf Shop, Inc., in the previous two problems, suppose you also know that the firm’s net capital spending for 2015 was $975,000 and that the firm reduced its net working capital investment by $132,000. What was the firm

> Compute the future value of $1,900 continuously compounded for a. 9 years at an APR of 12 percent. b. 5 years at an APR of 8 percent. c. 17 years at an APR of 5 percent. d. 10 years at an APR of 9 percent.

> The Wintergrass Company has an ROE of 11.4 percent and a payout ratio of 25 percent. a. What is the company’s sustainable growth rate? b. Can the company’s actual growth rate be different from its sustainable growth rate? Why or why not? c. How can the c

> A ratio that is becoming more widely used is return on investment. Return on investment is calculated as net income divided by long- term liabilities plus equity. What do you think return on investment is intended to measure? What is the relationship bet

> Toyota Motor Credit Corporation (TMCC), a subsidiary of Toyota Motor Corporation, offered some securities for sale to the public on March 28, 2008. Under the terms of the deal, TMCC promised to repay the owner of one of these securities $100,000 on March

> Critics have charged that compensation to top managers in the United States is simply too high and should be cut back. For example, focusing on large corporations, Larry Ellison of Oracle has been one of the best-compensated CEOs in the United States, ea

> True or false: All assets are liquid at some price. Explain.

> Could a company’s cash flow to stockholders be negative in a given year? (Hint: Yes.) Explain how this might come about. What about cash flow to creditors?

> Toyota Motor Credit Corporation (TMCC), a subsidiary of Toyota Motor Corporation, offered some securities for sale to the public on March 28, 2008. Under the terms of the deal, TMCC promised to repay the owner of one of these securities $100,000 on March

> The 2014 balance sheet of Jordan’s Golf Shop, Inc., showed $510,000 in the common stock account and $3.6 million in the additional paid-in surplus account. The 2015 balance sheet showed $545,000 and $3.85 million in the same two accounts, respectively. I

> Dahlia Colby, CFO of Charming Florist Ltd., has created the firm’s pro forma balance sheet for the next fiscal year. Sales are projected to grow by 10 percent to $360 million. Current assets, fixed assets, and short-term debt are 20 percent, 75 percent,

> Consider the ratio EBITD/Assets. What does this ratio tell us? Why might it be more useful than ROA in comparing two companies?

> Could a company’s change in net working capital be negative in a given year? (Hint: Yes.) Explain how this might come about. What about net capital spending?

> Both ROA and ROE measure profitability. Which one is more useful for comparing two companies? Why?

> The 2014 balance sheet of Jordan’s Golf Shop, Inc., showed long-term debt of $1.625 million, and the 2015 balance sheet showed long-term debt of $1.73 million. The 2015 income statement showed an interest expense of $185,000. What was the firm’s cash flo

> The most recent financial statements for Williamson Inc., are shown here (assuming no income taxes): Assets and costs are proportional to sales. Debt and equity are not. No dividends are paid. Next year’s sales are projected to be $9,0

> Although appealing to more refined tastes, art as a collectible has not always performed so profitably. During 2010, Deutscher-Menzies sold Arkie under the Shower, a painting by renowned Australian painter Brett Whiteley, at auction for a price of $1,100

> As you increase the length of time involved, what happens to future values? What happens to present values?

> Toyota Motor Credit Corporation (TMCC), a subsidiary of Toyota Motor Corporation, offered some securities for sale to the public on March 28, 2008. Under the terms of the deal, TMCC promised to repay the owner of one of these securities $100,000 on March

> Toyota Motor Credit Corporation (TMCC), a subsidiary of Toyota Motor Corporation, offered some securities for sale to the public on March 28, 2008. Under the terms of the deal, TMCC promised to repay the owner of one of these securities $100,000 on March

> Why is it not necessarily bad for the operating cash flow to be negative for a particular period?

> One of the implicit assumptions we made in calculating the external funds needed was that the company was operating at full capacity. If the company is operating at less than full capacity, how will this affect the external funds needed?

> The following table presents the long-term liabilities and stockholders’ equity of Information Control Corp. one year ago: During the past year, the company issued 5 million shares of new stock at a total price of $63 million, and issu

> Assuming the following ratios are constant, what is the sustainable growth rate? Total asset turnover = 2.85 Profit margin = 5.9% Equity multiplier = 1.70 Payout ratio = 60%

> Why is it not necessarily bad for the cash flow from assets to be negative for a particular period?

> Toyota Motor Credit Corporation (TMCC), a subsidiary of Toyota Motor Corporation, offered some securities for sale to the public on March 28, 2008. Under the terms of the deal, TMCC promised to repay the owner of one of these securities $100,000 on March

> If the Hunter Corp. has a ROE of 12 percent and a payout ratio of 15 percent, what is its sustainable growth rate?

> Sankey, Inc., has current assets of $4,900, net fixed assets of $25,000, current liabilities of $4,100, and long-term debt of $10,300. What is the value of the shareholders’ equity account for this firm? How much is net working capital?

> At 6.5 percent interest, how long does it take to double your money? To quadruple it?

> Under standard accounting rules, it is possible for a company’s liabilities to exceed its assets. When this occurs, the owners’ equity is negative. Can this happen with market values? Why or why not?

> On subsidized Stafford loans, a common source of financial aid for college students, interest does not begin to accrue until repayment begins. Who receives a bigger subsidy, a freshman or a senior? Explain.

> The most recent financial statements for Wise Co. are shown here: Assets and costs are proportional to sales. The company maintains a constant 30 percent dividend payout ratio and a constant debt–equity ratio. What is the maximum incre

> Solve for the unknown number of years in each of the following: Present Value Years Interest Rate Future Value $ 625 7% $ 1,284 810 12 4,341 16,500 17 402,662 21,500 8 147,350

> Broslofski Co. maintains a positive retention ratio and keeps its debt–equity ratio constant every year. When sales grow by 20 percent, the firm has a negative projected EFN. What does this tell you about the firm’s sustainable growth rate? Do you know,

> How do financial cash flows and the accounting statement of cash flows differ? Which is more useful for analyzing a company?

> Should lending laws be changed to require lenders to report EARs instead of APRs? Why or why not?

> The Stefani Co. had $198,000 in taxable income. Using the rates from Table 2.3 in the chapter, calculate the company’s income taxes. What is the average tax rate? What is the marginal tax rate?

> The most recent financial statements for Heine, Inc., are shown here: Assets and costs are proportional to sales. Debt and equity are not. A dividend of $3,500 was paid, and the company wishes to maintain a constant payout ratio. Next yearâ€&

> First City Bank pays 7.5 percent simple interest on its savings account balances, whereas Second City Bank pays 7.5 percent interest compounded annually. If you made a $7,000 deposit in each bank, how much more money would you earn from your Second City

> Solve for the unknown interest rate in each of the following: Present Value Years Interest Rate Future Value $ 242 4 $ 345 410 8 927 51,700 16 152,184 18,750 27 538,600

> In the chapter, we used Rosengarten Corporation to demonstrate how to calculate EFN. The ROE for Rosengarten is about 7.3 percent, and the plowback ratio is about 67 percent. If you calculate the sustainable growth rate for Rosengarten, you will find it

> Why do you think most long-term financial planning begins with sales forecasts? Put differently, why are future sales the key input?

> Looking at the accounting statement of cash flows, what does the bottom line number mean? How useful is this number for analyzing a company?

> A financial planning service offers a college savings program. The plan calls for you to make six annual payments of $11,000 each, with the first payment occurring today, your child’s 12th birthday. Beginning on your child’s 18th birthday, the plan will

> You have just won the lottery. You will receive $4,500,000 today, and then receive 40 payments of $1,600,000. These payments will start one year from now and will be paid every six months. A representative from Greenleaf Investments has offered to purcha

> An insurance company is offering a new policy to its customers. Typically the policy is bought by a parent or grandparent for a child at the child’s birth. The details of the policy are as follows: The purchaser (say, the parent) makes the following six

> Your Christmas ski vacation was great, but it unfortunately ran a bit over budget. All is not lost: You just received an offer in the mail to transfer your $10,000 balance from your current credit card, which charges an annual rate of 18.6 percent, to a

> Suppose two athletes sign 10-year contracts for $80 million. In one case, we’re told that the $80 million will be paid in 10 equal installments. In the other case, we’re told that the $80 million will be paid in 10 installments, but the installments will

> This problem illustrates a deceptive way of quoting interest rates called add-on interest. Imagine that you see an advertisement for Crazy Judy’s Stereo City that reads something like this: “$1,000 Instant Credit! 17.4

> Two banks in the area offer 30-year, $225,000 mortgages at 5.6 percent and charge a $2,900 loan application fee. However, the application fee charged by Insecurity Bank and Trust is refundable if the loan application is denied, whereas that charged by I.

> You are looking at a one-year loan of $10,000. The interest rate is quoted as 8 percent plus three points. A point on a loan is simply 1 percent (one percentage point) of the loan amount. Quotes similar to this one are very common with home mortgages. Th

> You are serving on a jury. A plaintiff is suing the city for injuries sustained after a freak street sweeper accident. In the trial, doctors testified that it will be five years before the plaintiff is able to return to work. The jury has already decided

> This question illustrates what is known as discount interest. Imagine you are discussing a loan with a somewhat unscrupulous lender. You want to borrow $20,000 for one year. The interest rate is 15.7 percent. You and the lender agree that the interest on

> An All-Pro defensive lineman is in contract negotiations. The team has offered the following salary structure: All salaries are to be paid in a lump sum. The player has asked you as his agent to renegotiate the terms. He wants a $10 million signing bonus

> After deciding to buy a new car, you can either lease the car or purchase it with a three-year loan. The car you wish to buy costs $28,000. The dealer has a leasing arrangement where you pay $2,400 today and $380 per month for the next three years. If yo

> Bilbo Baggins wants to save money to meet three objectives. First, he would like to be able to retire 30 years from now with a retirement income of $20,000 per month for 20 years, with the first payment received 30 years and 1 month from now. Second, he

> On September 1, 2013, Susan Chao bought a motorcycle for $34,000. She paid $2,000 down and financed the balance with a five-year loan at an annual percentage rate of 7.2 percent, compounded monthly. She started the monthly payments exactly one month afte

> You have 30 years left until retirement and want to retire with $2.2 million. Your salary is paid annually, and you will receive $83,000 at the end of the current year. Your salary will increase at 3 percent per year, and you can earn a return of 9 perce

> Y3K, Inc., has sales of $3,100, total assets of $1,340, and a debt–equity ratio of 1.20. If its return on equity is 15 percent, what is its net income?

> You have recently won the super jackpot in the Washington State Lottery. On reading the fine print, you discover that you have the following two options: a. You will receive 31 annual payments of $250,000, with the first payment being delivered today. Th

> Tom Adams has received a job offer from a large investment bank as a clerk to an associate banker. His base salary will be $63,000. He will receive his first annual salary payment one year from the day he begins to work. In addition, he will get an immed

> You are saving for the college education of your two children. They are two years apart in age; one will begin college 15 years from today and the other will begin 17 years from today. You estimate your children’s college expenses to be $65,000 per year

> You want to lease a set of golf clubs from Pings Ltd. The lease contract is in the form of 24 equal monthly payments at an APR of 11.2 percent, compounded monthly. Because the clubs cost $2,650 retail, Pings wants the PV of the lease payments to equal $2

> You want to buy a new sports car from Muscle Motors for $64,000. The contract is in the form of a 60-month annuity due at an APR of 6.15 percent. What will your monthly payment be?

> Suppose you are going to receive $16,250 per year for five years. The appropriate interest rate is 7.5 percent. a. What is the present value of the payments if they are in the form of an ordinary annuity? What is the present value if the payments are an

> A 5-year annuity of ten $6,175 semiannual payments will begin 9 years from now, with the first payment coming 9.5 years from now. If the discount rate is 11 percent compounded monthly, what is the value of this annuity five years from now? What is the va

> A local finance company quotes an interest rate of 17 percent on one-year loans. So, if you borrow $23,000, the interest for the year will be $3,910.Because you must repay a total of $26,910 in one year, the finance company requires you to pay $26,910y12

> Given an interest rate of 5.6 percent per year, what is the value at Date t = 7 of a perpetual stream of $2,150 annual payments that begins at Date t = 15?

> You have your choice of two investment accounts. Investment A is a 15-year annuity that features end-of-month $1,300 payments and has an interest rate of 7.2 percent compounded monthly. Investment B is an 8 percent continuously compounded lump-sum invest

> For each of the following, compute the present value: Present Value Years Interest Rate Future Value 8 7% $ 13,827 13 15 43,852 17 725,380 26 18 590,710

> A 15-year annuity pays $1,750 per month, and payments are made at the end of each month. If the interest rate is 12 percent compounded monthly for the first seven years, and 6 percent compounded monthly thereafter, what is the present value of the annuit

> What is the present value of $7,500 per year, at a discount rate of 7.1 percent, if the first payment is received 6 years from now and the last payment is received 25 years from now?

> Consider a firm with a contract to sell an asset for $135,000 three years from now. The asset costs $89,000 to produce today. Given a relevant discount rate on this asset of 13 percent per year, will the firm make a profit on this asset? At what rate doe

> You have just purchased a new warehouse. To finance the purchase, you’ve arranged for a 30-year mortgage for 80 percent of the $5,200,000 purchase price. The monthly payment on this loan will be $27,500. What is the APR on this loan? The EAR?

> You just won the TVM Lottery. You will receive $1 million today plus another 10 annual payments that increase by $275,000 per year. Thus, in one year you receive $1.275 million. In two years, you get $1.55 million, and so on. If the appropriate interest