Question: S&L Financial buys and sells securities

> The FASB Accounting Standards Codification represents the single source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Required: 1. What is the specific citation that describes the disclosure requirements that must be made by publicly t

> On January 1, 2018, Poplar Fabricators Corporation agreed to grant its employees two weeks of vacation each year, with the stipulation that vacations earned each year can be taken the following year. For the year ended December 31, 2018, Poplar Fabricato

> JWS Transport Company’s employees earn vacation time at the rate of 1 hour per 40-hour work period. The vacation pay vests immediately (that is, an employee is entitled to the pay even if employment terminates). During 2018, total wages paid to employees

> Raleigh Department Store uses the conventional retail method for the year ended December 31, 2016. Available information follows: a. The inventory at January 1, 2016, had a retail value of $45,000 and a cost of $27,500 based on the conventional retail me

> The following selected transactions relate to liabilities of United Insulation Corporation. United’s fiscal year ends on December 31. Required: Prepare the appropriate journal entries through the maturity of each liability. 2018 Jan. 13 Negotiated a rev

> Mondale Winery depreciates its equipment using the group method. The cost of equipment purchased in 2018 totaled $425,000. The estimated residual value of the equipment was $40,000 and the group depreciation rate was determined to be 18%. What is the ann

> On July 1, 2018, Ross-Livermore Industries issued nine-month notes in the amount of $400 million. Interest is payable at maturity. Required: Determine the amount of interest expense that should be recorded in a year-end adjusting entry under each of the

> On January 1, 2018, Canseco Plumbing Fixtures purchased equipment for $30,000. Residual value at the end of an estimated four-year service life is expected to be $2,000. The company expects the machine to operate for 10,000 hours. Calculate depreciation

> On November 1, 2018, Quantum Technology, a geothermal energy supplier, borrowed $16 million cash to fund a geological survey. The loan was made by Nevada BancCorp under a noncommitted short-term line of credit arrangement. Quantum issued a nine-month, 12

> On December 12, 2018, Pace Electronics received $24,000 from a customer toward a cash sale of $240,000 of diodes to be completed on January 16, 2019. What journal entries should Pace record on December 12 and January 16?

> Lee Financial Services pays employees monthly. Payroll information is listed below for January 2018, the first month of Lee’s fiscal year. Assume that none of the employees exceeded any relevant wage base. Salaries …………………………………………….…………….………………………… $500

> The Dow Chemical Company provides chemical, plastic, and agricultural products and services to various consumer markets. The following excerpt is taken from the disclosure notes of Dow’s 2015 annual report: In total, the Company’s accrued liability for p

> On July 15, 2018, the Nixon Car Company purchased 1,000 tires from the Harwell Company for $50 each. The terms of the sale were 2/10, n/30. Nixon uses a periodic inventory system and the net method of accounting for purchase discounts. Required: 1. Prep

> In 2018, Hopyard Lumber changed its inventory method from LIFO to FIFO. Inventory at the end of 2017 of $127,000 would have been $145,000 if FIFO had been used. Inventory at the end of 2018 is $162,000 using the new FIFO method but would have been $151,0

> The Commonwealth of Virginia filed suit in October 2016 against Northern Timber Corporation, seeking civil penalties and injunctive relief for violations of environmental laws regulating forest conservation. When the 2017 financial statements were issued

> Woodmier Lawn Products introduced a new line of commercial sprinklers in 2017 that carry a one-year warranty against manufacturer’s defects. Because this was the first product for which the company offered a warranty, trade publications

> Sound Audio manufactures and sells audio equipment for automobiles. Engineers notified management in December 2018 of a circuit flaw in an amplifier that poses a potential fire hazard. An intense investigation indicated that a product recall is virtually

> Indicate (by letter) the way each of the items listed below should be reported in a balance sheet at December 31, 2018. Item Reporting Method 1. Commercial paper N. Not reported C. Current liability L. Long-term liability D. Disclosure note only 2.

> Refer to the circumstances listed in E 13–21, but assume that Erismus prepares its financial statements according to International Financial Reporting Standards. In E 13–21 The following selected circumstances relate to pending lawsuits for Erismus, Inc

> On January 1, 2018, HGC Camera Store adopted the dollar-value LIFO retail inventory method. Inventory transactions at both cost and retail, and cost indexes for 2018 and 2019 are as follows: Required: Estimate the 2018 and 2019 ending inventory and cos

> The following selected circumstances relate to pending lawsuits for Erismus, Inc. Erismus’s fiscal year ends on December 31. Financial statements are issued in March 2019. Erismus prepares its financial statements according to U.S. GAAP. Required: Indic

> Life.com issued $10 million of commercial paper on April 1 on a nine-month note. Interest was discounted at issuance at a 6% discount rate. What is the effective interest rate on the commercial paper?

> At the beginning of its fiscal year, Koeplin Corporation purchased a machine for $50,000. At the end of the year, the machine had a fair value of $32,000. Koeplin’s controller recorded depreciation of $18,000 for the year, the decline in the machine’s va

> Explain the accounting treatment and disclosures required when a change is made in depreciation method.

> The following selected transactions relate to contingencies of Classical Tool Makers, Inc., which began operations in July 2018. Classical’s fiscal year ends on December 31. Financial statements are issued in April 2019. Required: Prepare the year-end e

> At April 1, 2019, the Food and Drug Administration is in the process of investigating allegations of false marketing claims by Hulkly Muscle Supplements. The FDA has not yet proposed a penalty assessment. Hulkly’s fiscal year ends on December 31, 2018. T

> Tanner-UNF Corporation acquired as a long-term investment $240 million of 6% bonds, dated July 1, on July 1, 2018. Company management has the positive intent and ability to hold the bonds until maturity, but when the bonds were acquired Tanner-UNF decide

> Lance Brothers Enterprises acquired $720,000 of 3% bonds, dated July 1, on July 1, 2018, as a long-term investment. Management has the positive intent and ability to hold the bonds until maturity. The market interest rate (yield) was 4% for bonds of simi

> On July 1, 2018, Gupta Corporation bought 25% of the outstanding common stock of VB Company for $100 million cash. At the date of acquisition of the stock, VB’s net assets had a total fair value of $350 million and a book value of $220 million. Of the $1

> On January 1, 2018, Cameron Inc. bought 20% of the outstanding common stock of Lake Construction Company for $300 million cash. At the date of acquisition of the stock, Lake’s net assets had a fair value of $900 million. Their book value was $800 million

> Fizer Pharmaceutical paid $68 million on January 2, 2018, for 4 million shares of Carne Cosmetics common stock. The investment represents a 25% interest in the net assets of Carne and gave Fizer the ability to exercise significant influence over Carne’s

> Under IFRS No. 9, what reporting categories are used to account for debt investments? What about for equity investments when the investor lacks the ability to significantly influence the operations of the investee?

> On December 12, 2018, an equity investment costing $80,000 was sold for $100,000. The investment was carried in the balance sheet at $75,000, and was accounted for under the equity method. An error was made in which the total of the sale proceeds was cre

> As a long-term investment at the beginning of the 2018 fiscal year, Florists International purchased 30% of Nursery Supplies Inc.’s 8 million shares for $56 million. The fair value and book value of the shares were the same at that time. During the year,

> Listed below are several terms and phrases associated with inventory measurement. Pair each item from List A with the item from List B (by letter) that is most appropriately associated with it. List A List B 1. Perpetual inventory system 2. Periodic

> As a long-term investment, Painters’ Equipment Company purchased 20% of AMC Supplies Inc.’s 400,000 shares for $480,000 at the beginning of the fiscal year of both companies. On the purchase date, the fair value and book value of AMC’s net assets were eq

> The investments of Harlon Enterprises included the following cost and fair value amounts ($ in millions): Harlon accounts for its equity investment portfolio at fair value through net income. Harlon sold its holdings of A Corporation shares on June 1,

> The accounting records of Jamaican Importers, Inc., at January 1, 2018, included the following: Assets: Investment in IBM common shares …………………………….. $1,345,000 Less: Fair value adjustment …………………………………………... (145,000) ………………………………………………………………………………..… $

> Access the FASB Accounting Standards Codification at the FASB website (www.fasb.org). Determine the specific citation for each of the following items: 1. Measurement of ending inventory using the lower of cost or net realizable value (LCNRV) rule 2. Meas

> D.R. Horton, Inc., is the largest homebuilding company by volume in the United States. D.R. Horton reported the following in a disclosure note accompanying its 2015 financial statements ($ in millions): Also, the company disclosed that the total cost o

> Fitzgerald Oil and Gas incurred costs of $8.25 million for the acquisition and development of a natural gas deposit. The company expects to extract 3 million cubic feet of natural gas during a four-year period. Natural gas extracted during years 1 and 2

> On September 22, 2018, a flood destroyed the entire merchandise inventory on hand in a warehouse owned by the Rocklin Sporting Goods Company. The following information is available from the records of the company’s periodic inventory system: Inventory, J

> On January 2, 2018, Sanborn Tobacco Inc. bought 5% of Jackson Industry’s capital stock for $90 million. Jackson Industry’s net income for the year ended December 31, 2018, was $120 million. The fair value of the shares held by Sanborn was $98 million at

> The Manda Panda Company uses the allowance method to account for bad debts. At the beginning of 2018, the allowance account had a credit balance of $75,000. Credit sales for 2018 totaled $2,400,000 and the year-end accounts receivable balance was $490,00

> On March 31, 2018, Chow Brothers, Inc., bought 10% of KT Manufacturing’s capital stock for $50 million. KT’s net income for the year ended December 31, 2018, was $80 million. The fair value of the shares held by Chow was $35 million at December 31, 2018.

> At December 31, 2018, Hull-Meyers Corp. had the following investments that were purchased during 2018, its first year of operations: No investments were sold during 2018. All securities except Security D and Security F are considered short-term investm

> S&L Financial buys and sells securities that it typically classifies as available-for-sale. On December 27, 2018, S&L purchased Coca-Cola bonds at par for $875,000 and sold the bonds on January 3, 2019, for $880,000. At December 31, the bonds had a fair

> For the Coca-Cola bonds described in BE 12-4, prepare journal entries to record (a) Any unrealized gains or losses occurring in 2018 and (b) The sale of the bonds in 2019, including recognition of any unrealized gains in 2019 prior to sale and reclassifi

> In 2018, the internal auditors of Development Technologies, Inc., discovered that a $4 million purchase of merchandise in 2018 was recorded in 2017 instead. The physical inventory count at the end of 2017 was correct. Required: Prepare the journal entry

> Wickum Corporation reports under IFRS, and recognized a $500,000 other-than-temporary impairment of an HTM debt investment in Right Corporation. Subsequently, the fair value of Wickum’s investment in Right increased by $300,000. How would Wickum account

> LED Corporation owns $1,000,000 of Branch Pharmaceuticals bonds and classifies its investment as securities available-for-sale. The market price of Branch’s bonds fell by $450,000, due to concerns about one of the company’s principal drugs. The concerns

> Answer BE 12-17 under the assumption that LED Corporation used the AFS Credit Loss Model introduced in ASU 2016-13 and required after 2020. BE 12-17 LED Corporation owns $1,000,000 of Branch Pharmaceuticals bonds and classifies its investment as securit

> LED Corporation owns $1,000,000 of Branch Pharmaceuticals bonds and classifies its investment as securities available-for-sale. The market price of Branch’s bonds fell by $450,000, due to concerns about one of the company’s principal drugs. The concerns

> Turner Company purchased 40% of the outstanding stock of ICA Company for $10,000,000 on January 2, 2018. Turner elects the fair value option to account for the investment. During 2018, ICA earns $750,000 of income and on December 30 pays a dividend of $5

> At the beginning of 2018, Pioneer Products’ ownership interest in the common stock of LLB Co. increased to the point that it became appropriate to begin using the equity method of accounting for the investment. The balance in the investment account was $

> Companies often are under pressure to meet or beat Wall Street earnings projections in order to increase stock prices and also to increase the value of stock options. Some resort to earnings management practices to artificially create desired results. R

> Kim Company bought 30% of the shares of Phelps, Inc., at the start of 2018. Kim paid $10 million for the shares. Thirty percent of the book value of Phelps’s net assets is $8 million, and the difference of $2 million is due to land that Phelps owns that

> Carnes Electronics sells consumer electronics that carry a 90-day manufacturer’s warranty. At the time of purchase, customers are offered the opportunity to also buy a two-year extended warranty for an additional charge. During the year, Carnes received

> The fair value of Wallis, Inc.’s depreciable assets exceeds their book value by $50 million. The assets have an average remaining useful life of 15 years and are being depreciated by the straight-line method. Park Industries buys 30% of Wallis’s common s

> Discuss the factors that influence the estimation of service life for a depreciable asset.

> Mercury Company has only one inventory pool. On December 31, 2018, Mercury adopted the dollar-value LIFO inventory method. The inventory on that date using the dollar-value LIFO method was $200,000. Inventory data are as follows: Required: Compute the

> The Bockner Company shipped merchandise to Laetner Corporation on December 28, 2018. Laetner received the shipment on January 3, 2019. December 31 is the fiscal year-end for both companies. The merchandise was shipped f.o.b. shipping point. Explain the d

> Tatum Company has four products in its inventory. Information about the December 31, 2018, inventory is as follows: The normal gross profit percentage is 25% of total cost. Required: 1. Determine the carrying value of inventory at December 31, 2018, a

> Turner Company owns 40% of the outstanding stock of ICA Company. During the current year, ICA paid a $5 million cash dividend on its common shares. What effect did this dividend have on Turner’s 2018 financial statements? Explain the reasoning for this e

> Turner Company owns 10% of the outstanding stock of ICA Company. During the current year, ICA paid a $5 million cash dividend on its common shares. What effect did this dividend have on Turner’s 2018 financial statements? Explain the reasoning for this e

> Adams Industries holds 40,000 shares of FedEx common stock, which is not a large enough ownership interest to allow Adams to exercise significant influence over FedEx. On December 31, 2018, and December 31, 2019, the market value of the stock is $95 and

> Assume the same facts as in BE 12–8, but that Fowler intends to hold the bonds until maturity. How much unrealized gain or loss would Fowler include in 2018 net income with respect to the bonds? In BE 12–8 Fowler Inc. purchased $75,000 of bonds on Janua

> At the beginning of 2016, the Healthy Life Food Company purchased equipment for $42 million to be used in the manufacture of a new line of gourmet frozen foods. The equipment was estimated to have a 10-year service life and no residual value. The straigh

> On July 15, 2018, the Nixon Car Company purchased 1,000 tires from the Harwell Company for $50 each. The terms of the sale were 2/10, n/30. Nixon uses a periodic inventory system and the gross method of accounting for purchase discounts. Required: 1. Pr

> Fowler Inc. purchased $75,000 of bonds on January 1, 2018. The bonds pay interest semiannually and mature in 20 years, at which time the $75,000 principal will be paid. The bonds do not pay any amounts other than interest and principal. Fowler’s intentio

> For several years Fister Links Products has held Microsoft bonds, considered by the company to be securities available-for-sale. The bonds were acquired at a cost of $500,000. At the end of 2018, their fair value was $610,000 and their amortized cost was

> Western Die-Casting Company holds an investment in unsecured bonds of LGB Heating Equipment, Inc. When the investment was acquired, management’s intention was to hold the bonds for resale. Now management has the positive intent and ability to hold the bo

> Identify and define the three characteristics of an asset that must be established to determine periodic depreciation, depletion, or amortization.

> Why are holding gains and losses treated differently for trading securities and securities available-for-sale?

> What is “comprehensive income”? Its composition varies from company to company but may include which items related to available-for-sale investments that are not included in net income?

> Reporting an investment at its fair value means adjusting its carrying amount for changes in fair value after its acquisition (or since the last reporting date if it was held at that time). Such changes are called unrealized holding gains and losses beca

> The inventory of Royal Decking consisted of five products. Information about the December 31, 2018, inventory is as follows: Selling costs consist of a sales commission equal to 10% of selling price and shipping costs equal to 5% of cost. The normal gr

> On January 1, 2018, the Haskins Company adopted the dollar-value LIFO method for its one inventory pool. The pool’s value on this date was $660,000. The 2018 and 2019 ending inventory valued at year-end costs were $690,000 and $760,000, respectively. The

> When a debt investment is acquired to be held for an unspecified period of time as opposed to being held to maturity, it is reported at the fair value of the investment securities on the reporting date. Why?

> Cupola Awning Corporation introduced a new line of commercial awnings in 2018 that carry a two-year warranty against manufacturer’s defects. Based on their experience with previous product introductions, warranty costs are expected to approximate 3% of s

> Branch Corporation issued $12 million of commercial paper on March 1 on a nine-month note. Interest was discounted at issuance at a 9% discount rate. Prepare the journal entry for the issuance of the commercial paper and its repayment at maturity.

> The company controller, Barry Melrose, has asked for your help in interpreting the authoritative accounting literature that addresses the recognition and measurement of impairment losses for property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets. “We have

> Does GAAP distinguish between fair values that are readily determinable from current market prices versus those needing to be calculated based on the company’s own assumptions? Explain how a user will know about the reliability of the inputs used to dete

> When market rates of interest rise after a fixed-rate security is purchased, the value of the now-below-market, fixed-interest payments declines, so the market value of the investment falls. On the other hand, if market rates of interest fall after a fix

> How does IFRS differ from current U.S. GAAP in accounting for other-than-temporary impairments?

> Explain how the CECL model (introduced in ASU No. 2016-13 and required in 2020) differs from current GAAP in its calculation of impairment losses.

> Redline Publishers, Inc. produces various manuals ranging from computer software instructional booklets to manuals explaining the installation and use of large pieces of industrial equipment. At the end of 2018, the company’s balance sheet reported total

> On April 1, 2016, the KB Toy Company purchased equipment to be used in its manufacturing process. The equipment cost $48,000, has an eight-year useful life, and has no residual value. The company uses the straight-line depreciation method for all manufac

> [This problem is a continuation of Problem 10–3 in Chapter 10 focusing on depreciation.] Problem 10–3 The plant asset and accumulated depreciation accounts of Pell Corporation had the following balances at December 31

> The Reuschel Company began 2018 with inventory of 10,000 units at a cost of $7 per unit. During 2018, 50,000 units were purchased for $8.50 each. Sales for the year totaled 54,000 units leaving 6,000 units on hand at the end of 2018. Reuschel uses a peri

> Depreciation is a process of cost allocation, not valuation. Explain this statement.

> Access the FASB Accounting Standards Codification at the FASB website (www.fasb.org). Required: 1. Obtain the relevant authoritative literature on recognition of contingent losses. What is the specific citation that describes the guidelines for determin

> At December 31, 2017, Cord Company’s plant asset and accumulated depreciation and amortization accounts had balances as follows: Depreciation methods and useful lives: Buildings—150% declining balance; 25 years. Mach

> The fact that generally accepted accounting principles allow companies flexibility in choosing between certain allocation methods can make it difficult for a financial analyst to compare periodic performance from firm to firm. Suppose you were a financia

> On May 1, 2018, Hecala Mining entered into an agreement with the state of New Mexico to obtain the rights to operate a mineral mine in New Mexico for $10 million. Additional costs and purchases included the following: Development costs in preparing the m

> At the beginning of 2016, Metatec Inc. acquired Ellison Technology Corporation for $600 million. In addition to cash, receivables, and inventory, the following assets and their fair values were also acquired: Plant and equipment (depreciable assets) …………

> Collins Corporation purchased office equipment at the beginning of 2016 and capitalized a cost of $2,000,000. This cost figure included the following expenditures: Purchase price ………………………………………. $1,850,000 Freight charges ……………………………………………. 30,000 Insta

> Herman Company has three products in its ending inventory. Specific per unit data at the end of the year for each of the products are as follows: Required: What unit values should Herman use for each of its products when applying the lower of cost or n

> Access the FASB Accounting Standards Codification at the FASB website (www.fasb.org). Determine the specific citation for each of the following items: 1. Define the meaning of cost as it applies to the initial measurement of inventory. 2. Indicate the ci

> Described below are three independent and unrelated situations involving accounting changes. Each change occurs during 2018 before any adjusting entries or closing entries are prepared. a. On December 30, 2014, Rival Industries acquired its office buildi