Question: Taking a cruise is a costly discretionary

> Sixteen men and sixteen women purchased magazine subscriptions. The distribution of prices had the same mean, minimum score, and maximum score. The red markings on each number line below show where their prices fell. a. What is

> Use the round-trip airfare table in problem 5 above to determine the percentile rank of $1,133. Data from problem 5: Maria and Don Papace are flying to Florida to explore the possibility of moving there. They will be traveling with their two teenage so

> Seaquoia River Cruises offers a 7-day travel package. The prices vary based on the room class booked, as indicated in the following spreadsheet: Write the spreadsheet formulas for the indicated cells. a. C9 b. D3 c. D7 d. E4 e. F5 A В D F Number Re

> Use the cruise ship room price table in problem 7 above to determine the percentile rank of $6,962. Data from problem 7: Seaquoia River Cruises offers a 7-day travel package. The prices vary based on the room class booked, as indicated in the following

> Explain how the quote can be interpreted in light of what you have learned in this section.

> Nick and Liz have decided to move from the city to the suburbs. This means that they will have to make the essential purchase of a car in order to get to work. They researched used 2-year-old cars of the same make, model, condition, and equipped with the

> Jim lives in San Francisco and attends school at a university in New York City. He wants to travel home for his sister’s wedding next month and has researched round trip airfares. The table lists all available itineraries with fares bel

> Interpret the quote in terms of what you have learned about essential and discretionary expenses.

> In each situation of bivariate data there is causation, so the variables can be named explanatory and response variables. Identify each explanatory variable and response variable. a. number of days worked, amount earned b. amount earned in the year, inc

> Lori created a scatter plot where the explanatory variable was the side of a square, and the response variable was the perimeter of the square. Is the data positively or negatively correlated? Explain.

> Describe each of the following correlation coefficients using the terms strong, moderate, or weak and negative or positive. a. r = –0.19 b. r = –0.93 c. r = 0.57 d. r = 0.0999 e. r = –0.97 f. r = –0.45

> Each month you have $200 automatically deposited from your checking account into a discretionary savings account. Your plan is to leave the money in this account for the next 10 years in order to use the total at that time at your discretion. A scatter p

> The school nurse at West Side Elementary School weighs all of the 230 children by the end of September. She finds that the students’ weights are normally distributed with mean 98 and standard deviation 16. After compiling all the data, she realizes that

> Travel Times Journal found that the average per person cost of a 10-day trip along the Pacific coast, per person, is $1,015. This includes transportation, food, lodging, and entertainment. a. If the data is normally distributed with standard deviation $1

> What z-score on the Normal Curve table has an area of 0.6808 to its right?

> What z-score on the Normal Curve table has an area of 0.8849 to its left?

> A certain amusement park ride requires riders to be at least 48 inches tall. If the heights of children in a summer camp are normally distributed with mean 52 and standard deviation 2.5, how many of the 140 campers will be allowed on the ride? Round to t

> Tesa lives in a major city. Her employer pays for her round trip taxicab fare from home to work each day. She must keep receipts for each trip and turn them in at the end of each month for reimbursement. The fares are based on distance and time so they c

> The Vacation Times website rates recreational vehicle campgrounds using integers from 0 to 15. Last year they rated over 1,000 campsites. The ratings were normally distributed with mean 7.6 and standard deviation 1.7. a. How high would a campsite’s ratin

> A family of two adults and two children on vacation in the United States will pay an average of $247 per day for food and lodging with a standard deviation of $60 per day, according to a recent survey by a national travel association. a. Find, to the nea

> A distribution is normal with mean 60 and standard deviation 8. Find the area of each of the following shaded regions to four decimal places. b. 52 60 60 64 0.1587 0.3085 C. d. 48 60 48 60 80 0.9332 0.9270

> A travel agency did a survey and found that the average local family spends $1,900 on a summer vacation. The distribution is normally distributed with standard deviation $390. a. What percent of the families took vacations that cost under $1,500? Round t

> A class of 31 students averaged 82 on a recent exam. Two students were absent and took the exam the next day. The two students averaged 88 on their exam. What was the average for the entire class, including the two students who took the test one day late

> Look at the original data in problem 6. Suppose the number 60 was changed to 600 and the rest of the numbers remained the same. a. Would the mean be affected? b. Would the median be affected? c. Would the range be affected? d. Would the standard deviatio

> The distribution of cell phone bills for families in Smithtown North High School has mean $183 and standard deviation 11. At Smithtown South High School, the mean is $181 and the standard deviation is 21. Which distribution is more spread out?

> Four car rental prices were quoted for a 1-day rental. The frequencies are listed. Let Y represent the frequency of the $83 price quote. Use the information shown in the chart to write algebraic expressions for the entries labeled a–e.

> The MyTunes song app sells music downloads. Over the past few years, the service has lowered its prices. The table shows the price per song and the number of songs downloaded per day at that price. a. Examine the data without drawing a scatte

> Examine the graph below. It shows the global iPhone phone sales by year in millions of units sold. a. Write nine ordered pairs with the first coordinate being the year number and the second being the units sold in millions as shown here. 1,400,000 unit

> Use these data from Example 2 about the number of boxes purchased and the price per contact lens to answer a through g below. (1, 6.00), (2, 5.90), (4, 5.40), (8, 5.20), (10, 4.80), (12, 4.10), (14, 3.80), (16, 3.10), (20, 2.50) (24, 1.70) a. Find the li

> Which of the following scatter plots shows a correct line of best fit? a. b.

> Back-to-school shopping is a very big business. Some may consider these expenses essential while others look at them as discretionary costs. However you look at it, the data of the average dollars spent per family with school-age children is very interes

> At the end of 2015, the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis posted the following data on the U.S. disposable personal income by month for the first 11 months of that year as indicated in this table: a. Without making a scatter plot, what trend do you see in

> A recent survey by the American Automobile Association showed that a family of two adults and two children on vacation in the United States will pay an average of $247 per day for food and lodging with a standard deviation of $60 per day. Assuming the da

> A finance magazine did a survey and found that the average American family spends $1,600 on a summer vacation. If the distribution is normal with standard deviation $411, find the amount a family would have spent to be the 80th percentile.

> Visitors to the Royal Ranch Golf Paradise shoot an average of 88 on their 18-hole golf course. The standard deviation is 12. Visitors to the Glen Oaks Golf Resort shoot an average of 97 with a standard deviation of 14. (In golf, the lower score is the be

> Airline fares can vary greatly, even from the same carrier within the same day. The following are fares from New York to Burbank, CA, over the past week. $430, $567, $334, $701, $424, $555, $890, $455, $450, $1,122 What is the standard deviation for this

> A Caribbean resort has a nightly limbo contest on the beach. Participants must be less than 64 inches tall. The distribution of heights of adult American men is approximately normal with mean 69 inches and standard deviation 2.5 inches. a. What percent o

> International travel is usually more expensive than domestic travel. A recent survey found that the average per-person cost of a 12-day international vacation is $1,755. This includes transportation, food, lodging, and entertainment. a. If the data are n

> A recent Internet survey showed per-day lodging expenses at Disney World in Orlando range from less than $100 for a campsite to more than $2,000 for a top luxury room. The cost-per-day average of the top 10 most popular hotels at Disney World is $348. a.

> Use the data from question 2. If the data are normally distributed, find the percentage of families who spent: a. Less than $167 per day. b. Less than $367 per day. c. More than $247 per day. d. More than $350 per day. e. Less than $67 per day. f. Betwee

> If a family from the data set in question 2 had a z-score of 1.5, what was their daily expense for food and lodging? Data from question 2: A recent survey by the American Automobile Association showed that a family of two adults and two children on vac

> Interpret the quote in terms of what you have learned about essential and discretionary entertainment expenses.

> A local comic book convention had an admission price of $17. During the week-long show, 19,344 people paid to enter. a. What is the range of the distribution of admission fees? b. What is the standard deviation of the distribution of admission fees? c. I

> Sometimes outliers can have a significant effect on statistics, and sometimes they don’t. Use the following distribution to determine which statistics are affected by outliers. Round to the nearest hundredth. 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 a. Find the median of the distr

> Ralph wants to join a travel soccer team, a discretionary expense. His parents tell him he must get a job to earn the money to cover the costs. Ralph now views this discretionary expense as an essential expense since he must pay his parents b

> An orchestra of 25 members bought tickets, at all different prices, to a concert, and the mean price paid was $82. A new musician joined the orchestra and spent $90 on his ticket to the same concert. What is the new mean price paid when the new musician

> The following is a list of Relay for Life donations given by several community businesses in the Maple Glen High School vicinity. $10, $50, $100, $100, $100, $120, $120, $125, $150, $150, $250. Round your answers to the nearest hundredth. a. What is the

> Jocelyn compiled data on the number of hours students work per week the summer after senior year. The minimum number of hours in the distribution was 23. The range was 17. a. What is the maximum number of hours in the distribution? b. If the maximum scor

> A distribution of newly manufactured amusement park bumper cars has mean 400 pounds and standard deviation 2 pounds. A distribution of customers on line for the bumper-car ride has mean 60 pounds and standard deviation 2 pounds. Which distribution is mor

> The Vetrone family members are all Cincinnati Reds baseball fans. They went to five games last season. The cost of each game, including parking, tickets, and food, is listed below. $266, $201, $197, $188, $162 Round your answers to the nearest cent. a. W

> An electric bill is an essential expense for young people who get their first apartment. The following is a list of Jordan’s monthly electric bills for the past 10 months. $115, $150, $144, $126, $90, $90, $95, $110, $120, $88 Round your answers to the n

> For many travelers, the cost of getting to an airport needs to be factored into the travel expense. The table at the right lists the cost of six different ways to get from the center of a major city to the nearest airport. A researcher polled travelers t

> Shannon is traveling from New York City to Washington, D.C. She wants to go by train so she can see the views. Since she will be driving home with a family member, she only priced the cost of a one-way ticket on Amtrak for any time of day on February 15.

> Suppose that two of the Deluxe Luxury rooms in the spreadsheet above were being renovated and unavailable for sale on a particular trip. Therefore, cell C6 would change from 20 to 18. a. Would all, some, or none of the values in column D change based on

> Four car rental prices were quoted for a 3-day rental. The frequencies are listed. Let x represent the frequency of the $240 price quote. Use the information shown in the chart to write algebraic expressions for the entries labeled a through&

> Maria and Don Papace are flying to Florida to explore the possibility of moving there. They will be traveling with their two teenage sons. The table below lists information they have researched on the round-trip airfares that are available for purchase o

> The variance of a distribution is 50. What is the standard deviation, rounded to the nearest thousandth?

> Use the table in problem 1 to answer these questions. a. Add a relative frequency column. Calculate the relative frequencies. Round each to the nearest thousandth. b. Which ticket prices have a relative frequency greater than 0.2 and less than 0.3? c. In

> a. How many seasonal dummy variables would be needed for the regression approach to the data in Problem 11.3? b. Do you think the approach would bring as reliable results as it did for consumers’ expenditure? Data from Problem 11.3: T

> A computer will be needed to solve this and the next problem. a. Repeat the regression equation from Problem 11.5 but add three seasonal dummy variables (for quarters 2, 3 and 4) to the regressors. (The dummy for quarter 2 takes the value 1 in Q2, 0 in t

> a. Using the data from Problem 11.3 (2004–14 only), fit a linear regression line to obtain the trend values. By how much, on average, does car production increase per year? b. Calculate the seasonal factors (multiplicative model). How d

> a. Using the data of Problem 11.1, fit a regression line through the data, using t and t2 as explanatory variables (t is a time trend 1–36). Use only the observations from 2000 to 2014. Calculate the trend values using the regression. b

> Repeat Problem 11.3 using the additive model and compare results. Data from Problem 11.3: The following data relate to car production in the United Kingdom (not seasonally adjusted). a. Graph the data for 2004–14 by overlapping the

> The following data relate to car production in the United Kingdom (not seasonally adjusted). a. Graph the data for 2004–14 by overlapping the three years (as was done in Figure 11.2) and comment upon any seasonal pattern. Figure 11.2

> Repeat the exercise using the additive model. (In Problem 11.1(c), subtract the moving average figures from the original series. In (e), subtract the seasonal factors from the original data to get the adjusted series.) Is there a big difference between t

> The following table contains data for consumers’ non-durables expenditure in the United Kingdom, in constant 2003 prices. a. Graph the series and comment upon any apparent seasonal pattern. Why might it occur? b. Use the method of centr

> Industry is always concerned about the rising price of energy. It demands to be compensated for any rise over 5% in energy prices between 2007 and 2008. How much would this compensation cost? Which price index should be used to calculate the compensation

> Construct a chain index from the following data series: What problems arise in devising such an index and how do you deal with them? 1998 2006 2000 2001 2006 2010 2008 Series 1 100 110 115 122 125 Series 2 100 107 111 119 121

> The following data give duration of unemployment by age. The ‘economically active’ column gives the total of employed (not shown) plus unemployed in each age category. a. In what sense may these figures be regarded a

> The following table shows the weights in the retail price index and the values of the index itself, for 1990 and 1994. a. Calculate the Laspeyres price index for 1994, based on 1990 = 100. b. Draw a bar chart of the expenditure weights in 1990 and 1994

> The following table shows the income distribution by quintile for the United Kingdom in 2006–7, for various definitions of income: a. Use equation (10.27) to calculate the Gini coefficient for each of the four categories of income. b.

> a. Draw a Lorenz curve and calculate the Gini coefficient for the wealth data in Table 1.3 (Chapter 1). b. Why is the Gini coefficient typically larger for wealth distributions than for income distributions? Data from Table 1.3: Table 1.3 The distr

> Calculate the internal rate of return for the project in Problem 10.13. Use either trial and error methods or a computer to solve. Data from Problem 10.13: A firm is investing in a project and wishes to receive a rate of return of at least 15% on it. T

> The following data show expenditure on the National Health Service (in cash terms), the GDP deflator, the NHS pay and prices index, population and population of working age: (In all the following answers, set your index to 1987 = 100.) a. Turn the expe

> Find the gross domestic product for both the United Kingdom and the United States for the period 1995 to 2003. Obtain both series in constant prices.

> How would you estimate a model explaining the following variables? a. airline efficiency, b. infant mortality, c. bank profits. You should consider such issues as whether to use time-series or cross-section data; the explanatory variables to use and any

> As Problem 8.7, for Data from Problem 8.7: Would it be better to use time-series or cross-section data in the following models? a. measurement of economies of scale in the production of books, b. the determinants of cinema attendances, c. the determin

> Would it be better to use time-series or cross-section data in the following models? a. the relationship between the exchange rate and the money supply b. the determinants of divorce c. the determinants of hospital costs. Explain your reasoning.

> As Problem 8.5, for Data from Problem 8.5: How would you most appropriately measure the following variables? a. the output of a car firm, in a production function equation, b. potential trade union influence in wage bargaining, c. the performance of a

> Using the data from Problem 1.6: Data from Problem 1.6: The data below show the number of enterprises in the United Kingdom in 2010, arranged according to employment: Number of employees Number of firms 1 ……………………………………………………………. 1 740 685 5 …………………

> How would you most appropriately measure the following variables? a. social class in a model of alcohol consumption b. crime c. central bank independence from political interference.

> The following data show the number of adults in each of 17 households and whether or not the family contains at least one person who smokes, to supplement the data in Problem 7.2 on alcohol spending. Data from Problem 7.2: The data below show alcohol

> In a cross-section study of the determinants of economic growth (National Bureau of Economic Research, Macroeconomic Annual, 1991), Stanley Fischer obtained the following regression equation: where GY: ……â

> R. Dornbusch and S. Fischer (in R.E. Caves and L.B. Krause, Britain’s Economic Performance, Brookings, 1980) report the following equation for predicting the UK balance of payments: where B: ...........…the curre

> As Problem 8.9, for Data from Problem 8.9: How would you estimate a model explaining the following variables? a. investment, b. the pattern of UK exports (i.e. which countries they go to), c. attendance at football matches.

> a. Using the data in Problem 7.1 (page 301), estimate a multiple regression model of the birth rate explained by GNP, the growth rate and the income ratio. Comment upon: (i) the sizes and signs of the coefficients, (ii) the significance of the coefficien

> From your results for the birth rate model, predict the birth rate for a country with either (a). GNP equal to $3000, (b). a growth rate of 3% p.a., or (c). an income ratio of 7. How does your prediction compare with one using Todaro’s results? Comme

> a. For the data given in Problem 7.2, estimate the sample regression line and calculate the R2 statistic. Comment upon the results. Problem 7.2: The data below show alcohol expenditure and income (both in £s per week) for a sample of 17 fa

> a. For the data in Problem 7.1, find the estimated regression line and calculate the R2 statistic. Comment upon the result. How does it compare with Todaro’s findings? b. Calculate the standard error of the estimate and the standard err

> As Problem 7.3, for Data from Problem 7.3: What would you expect to be the correlation coefficient between the following variables? Should the variables be measured contemporaneously or might there be a lag in the effect of one upon the other? (a) real

> Using the data from Problem 1.5: Data from Problem 1.5: The distribution of marketable wealth in 1979 in the United Kingdom is shown in the table below (adapted from Inland Revenue Statistics, 1981, contains public sector information licensed under the

> What would you expect to be the correlation coefficient between the following variables? Should the variables be measured contemporaneously or might there be a lag in the effect of one upon the other? a. Nominal consumption and nominal income. b. GDP and

> The data below show alcohol expenditure and income (both in £s per week) for a sample of 17 families. a. Draw an XY plot of the data and comment. b. From the chart, would you expect the line of best fit to slope up or down? In theory, whic

> Update Todaro’s study using more recent data.

> The other data which Todaro might have used to analyse the birth rate were: For one of the three possible explanatory variables (in class, different groups could examine each of the variables): a. Draw an XY chart of the data above and comment upon the

> a. Do the accountants’ job properly for them (see the Oops! box in the text (page 244)). b. It might be justifiable to omit the ‘no responses’ entirely from the calculation. What happens if you do thi

> Four different holiday firms which all carried equal numbers of holidaymakers reported the following numbers who expressed satisfaction with their holiday: Is there any significant difference between the firms? If told that the four firms carried 600 h

> A survey of 64 families with five children found the following gender distribution: Test whether the distribution can be adequately modelled by the Binomial distribution. Number of boys 1 3 4 Number of families 8 28 19 4 4

> Groups of children from four different classes in a school were randomly selected and sat a test, with the following test scores: a. Test whether there is any difference between the classes, using the 95% confidence level for the test. b. How would you

> A sample of 40 observations has a standard deviation of 20. Estimate the 95% confidence interval for the standard deviation of the population.