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Question: Leaving home for the first time and


Leaving home for the first time and going off to college is an exciting and stressful time for tens of thousands of students across the U.S. each year. Leaving the familiarity of family, friends and community behind and entering an often much more diverse community filled with people with different social, political, religious, racial, national, and sexual orientation backgrounds can create challenges. Luckily, there is currently an effort across the United States to reduce the impact of potential biases by educating people on and promoting the benefits of having diversity in communities, businesses, schools and social groups people belong to. These efforts are more commonly known as Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) Initiatives. One example of a college that seems to have it right with respect to EDI policies is the University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire. A brief review of those policies and programs appear in Exhibit 1.
EXHIBIT 1 Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Policies and Programs at UWEC
Faculty and staff at the University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire (UWEC) have incorporated EDI initiatives into their core mission. The core mission is to create an inclusive community where all students thrive and find the programs and support needed to reach their full potential. Too often, members of underrepresented groups feel alienated and/or are unconsciously or consciously discriminated against resulting in them transferring schools or dropping out completely.
To operationalize this mission, the faculty, staff and administration came together setting goals surrounding student enrollment and retainage specifically for underrepresented groups. The faculty have common language surrounding EDI within all course syllabi and encourage all their students to help make the classroom environment more welcoming and inclusive to all. They have all agreed to participate in EDI initiatives in some way and to have that participation be a part of their annual performance review. In 2017, they created the first office of EDI and hired an Assistant Chancellor of Equity, Diversity and Inclusion to lead the effort.
UWEC has also developed a 12-week training program called Circles of Change to start an open in-person dialogue about race throughout the region the university is located within. Launched as a pilot in the Spring of 2017, the fall of 2017 had more than 120 people participating in Circles of Change action groups, gathering weekly to discuss race relations on campus and in the community. “The goal is to help make the Chippewa Valley a more welcoming place for everyone.”
As discussed in Chapter 2, some people have unconscious biases and stereotypical beliefs that can lead to making poor decisions. This can be magnified by instances of bias on college campuses. Many colleges and universities across the country have implemented freshman orientation programs to help students transition into college life and to make them feel welcome.
There is a need for diversity and inclusivity training. During 2017, there were many reported instances of racial bias through the use of racial slurs on college and university campuses. Many were reported during the September to December 2017 period, magnifying the growing need for EDI programs on campus. The following examples were chosen not only to illustrate the hateful speech but to describe admirable responses by the universities affected.
1. At Eastern Michigan University, racial fliers promoting a white supremacist organization were found posted on several buildings. Officials removed them because they ran counter to the school's values. According to a spokesperson, "The fliers and the hateful, racist causes they promote run completely counter to Eastern’s core values of diversity, inclusiveness and respect.”
2. At Cabrini University in Radnor PA, a number of instances were reported of the words “N-word go away” written on the dormitory room door of a female black student and a second occurrence stating “go away too” just a few days later. The reaction of the university was: “As we ensure a thorough investigation into the incident, we want to remind everyone that hate has no home on our campus — hate speech of any kind goes against who we are as an institution and as a diverse community of learners.” .
3. A few racial incidents occurred between October and December 2017 at Framingham State University in Framingham MA. In one such incident, a flyer defaced with racially offensive writing was found under an African-American student’s door. The President of the University responded: "Framingham State University draws strength from its diversity. We are an institution where individuals of differing cultures, perspectives, and experiences are welcomed, respected, valued and supported. In response to recent events, we must not allow those with hate in their hearts to divide us. The best way to stand up to this type of vile behavior is by uniting as a community against it."
4. Flyers containing a racist slogan and anti-African-American imagery were found at the University of Texas at Austin. The flyers depict a racist caricature of a black man holding a knife and bear the words “Around blacks ... never relax.” The University was quick to condemn such hatred and pointed to their new Hate and Bias Policy that addresses such issues.
A good illustration of a proactive response to incidents of hatred occurred at the University of Hartford in West Hartford CT. In response to an incident of racial harassment and bullying, Gregory Woodward, president of the University, stated that “the harsh reality is that racism in America is part of our reality. It is here on our campus and on campuses across the country. We are a reflection of the society at large. It is disturbing and inexcusable, and needs our constant attention and vigilance. We must all speak up, speak out, and be relentless in our pursuit of a more inclusive environment for our students. Acts of racism, bias, or other abusive behaviors will not be tolerated in any way, shape, or form on this campus. ”
Questions:
1. Identify which biases and/or stereotypes might exacerbate the type of behavior described in this case.
2. What responsibility does a college or university have in ensuring all students feel safe and welcome at their institutions? Answer this question using Rights Theory and theories of Justice.
3. Why is it important for EDI policies to be implemented in the workplace? Refer to the Deloitte surveys in answering this question.


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> Relevance and faithful representation are the qualitative characteristics of useful information under SFAC 8. How does ethical reasoning enter into making determinations about the relevance and faithful representation of financial information?

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> One explanation about rights is that there is a difference between what we have the right to do and what the right thing to do is. Explain what you think is meant by this statement. Do you believe that if someone attacks your credibility on social media

> Why are Equity, Diversity and Inclusivity considered to be important for businesses today?

> Is there a difference between cheating on a math test, pocketing an extra $10 from the change given to you at a restaurant, and using someone else’s ID to get a drink at a bar?

> Is it ever appropriate to lie to someone? Explain why or why not using ethical reasoning. Give one example of when you believe lying might be justified.

> Explain the SEC rules and regulations applicable to the public disclosure of non-GAAP financial measures.

> There is an old industry joke that if you ask an accountant what is four plus four, they will tell you it's whatever you want it to be. Explain what might be meant by this statement.

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> Refer to the example in Appendix B. The numbers in Exhibit 5.21 for the fifth, sixth, and seventh units were given. Required Using the formula Y = aXb and the data given in the problem, verify the labor time required and the cost amounts for the fifth, s

> Fountain Precision Products (FPP) manufactures high-technology measurement systems. The systems are both complex and unique in the sense that only a handful are sold, usually to a single customer’s specification. The last unit of model FPP-28X sold was t

> Winkleman Associates requires prospective recruits to take an examination that includes both computational and essay questions. It employs contract workers to grade the exams. Hiring of Winkleman recruits takes place four times per year, and a different

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> Clarion Clinics operates a chain of 24-hour walk-in clinics. The administrator is trying to understand the variation in Clarion’s costs across the different clinics. The chief medical officer believes that the number of walk-in clients

> Refer to the information for Point Products in Exercise 5-54. The managers at Point Products are uncertain what to do with these costs estimation results. Specifically, they are uncertain which, if either, method (account analysis or regression analysis)

> Point Products produces field hockey balls, which are packaged in cases. The balls are produced in a single plant. Because of the nature of the production process at Point Products, overhead includes all labor costs. Data on production output (in cases)

> Belfast Export-Import Partners has a large staff of buyers and sales personnel who travel extensively on company business. The CFO is trying to manage travel costs for the sales staff and has collected monthly information from the past 24 months on sales

> How would cost accounting information help managers in a not-for-profit organization? Is it as important as in a publicly traded, for-profit firm?

> Talon Services offers standardized job counseling services. The company is planning a new service line targeted to active seniors who are retiring and looking forward to a new career. The service will sell for a flat $960 per client and will consist of a

> Refer to the data and results from Exercises 5-44 through 5-50 for Waveney DIY Centers. Managers at Waveney are unsure which estimate of store costs should be used when planning new stores and have asked you for a recommendation. Required Based on the re

> Refer to the information in Exercise 5-44 for Waveney DIY Centers. Required a. Use the high-low method to estimate the fixed and variable portions of store costs based on store area. b. The managers in the region are interested in opening a new store wit

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> Refer to the data and results from Exercises 5-36 through 5-42 for Fiske Corporation. Managers at Fiske Corporation are unsure which estimate of factory costs should be used next quarter and have asked you for a recommendation. Required Based on the resu

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> Fiske Corporation manufactures a popular regional brand of kitchen utensils. The design and variety have been fairly constant over the last three years. The managers at Fiske are planning for some changes in the product line next year, but first they wan

> Witherell Musum of Technology (WMT) provides the following data on the costs of maintenance and the number of visitors for the last four quarters: Required a. Use the high-low method to estimate the fixed cost of quarterly staffing and the staffing cost

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> How does a value income statement differ from a gross margin income statement? From a contribution margin income statement?

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> Refer to the facts in Exercise 4-39. Harbortown management is concerned about future changes in material prices arising from volatility in the commodities market. Required At what unit costs for materials would HMP be just indifferent between making and

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