Question: A process produced good parts and defective

> An examination of rejects shows at least 10 problems. A frequency tally of the problems follows. Construct a Pareto chart for these data. Problem ____________ Frequency 1 ……………………………………………. 673 2 …………………………………………….. 29 3 …………………………………………… 108 4 ………………………

> Create a flowchart from the following sequence of activities: Begin. Flow to activity A. Flow to decision B. If Yes, flow to activity C. If No, flow to activity D. From C flow to activity E and to activity F. From F, flow to decision G. If Yes, flow to d

> Study each of the following Minitab control charts and determine whether any of them indicate problems in the processes. Comment on each chart. a) b) c)

> Examine the three control charts shown. Discuss any and all control problems that may be apparent from these control charts. a) b) c)

> Results of a survey by the National Center for Health Statistics indicated that people between 65 and 74 years of age contact a physician an average of 9.8 times per year. People 75 and older contact doctors an average of 12.9 times per year. Suppose you

> The data shown represent two random samples gathered from two populations. Is there sufficient evidence in the data to determine whether the values of population 1 are significantly larger than the values of population 2? Use the Mann-Whitney U test and

> Use the Mann-Whitney U test and the following data to determine whether there is a significant difference between the values of group 1 and group 2. Let ( = .05. Group 1 __________ Group 2 15 …………………………….. 23 17 …………………………….. 14 26 ……..…………………….. 24 11

> Study the following Minitab output. What type of statistical test was done? What were the hypotheses, and what was the outcome? Discuss. Kruskal-Wallis Test on Observations

> Study the following Minitab output. What statistical test was being computed by Minitab? What are the results of this analysis? Mann-Whitney Test and CI

> Determine the SSE and se for Problem 12.9. Examine the variables being analyzed by regression in this problem and comment on the value of se.

> Examine the following Minitab output. Discuss the statistical test, its intent, and its outcome. Runs Test Runs above and below K = 1.4200 The observed number of runs = 28 The expected number of runs = 25.3600 21 Observations above K, 29 below P-value =

> Study the following Minitab output. What statistical test was run? What type of design was it? What was the result of the test? Friedman Test: Observations Versus Treatment Blocked by Block

> The scores given are husband-wife scores on a marketing measure. Use the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test to determine whether the wives’ scores are significantly higher on the marketing measure than the husbands’. Assume that ( = .10. Husbands __

> A survey conducted by the Ethics Resource Center discovered that 35% of all workers say that coworkers have committed some kind of office theft. Suppose a survey is conducted in your large company to ask the same question of 13 randomly selected employee

> Workers in three different but comparable companies were asked to rate the use of quality-control techniques in their firms on a 50-point scale. A score of 50 represents nearly perfect implementation of quality-control techniques and 0 represents no impl

> Is there a strong correlation between the number of miles driven by a salesperson and sales volume achieved? Data were gathered from nine salespeople who worked territories of similar size and potential. Determine the correlation coefficient for these da

> A particular metal part can be produced at different temperatures. All other variables being equal, a company would like to determine whether the strength of the metal part is significantly different for different temperatures. Given are the strengths of

> Many fast-food restaurants have soft drink dispensers with preset amounts, so that when the operator merely pushes a button for the desired drink the cup is automatically filled. This method apparently saves time and seems to increase worker productivity

> Should male managers wear a tie during the workday to command respect and demonstrate professionalism? Suppose a measurement scale has been developed that generates a management professionalism score. A random sample of managers in a high-tech industry i

> Does a statistics course improve a student’s mathematics skills, as measured by a national test? Suppose a random sample of 13 students takes the same national mathematics examination just prior to enrolling in a statistics course and j

> Determine the SSE and the se for Problem 12.8. Think about the variables being analyzed by regression in this problem and comment on the value of se.

> A Gallup/Air Transport Association survey showed that in a recent year, 52% of all air trips were for pleasure/personal and 48% were for business. Suppose the organization randomly samples 30 air travelers and asks them to state the purpose of their trip

> Some people drink coffee to relieve stress on the job. Is there a correlation between the number of cups of coffee consumed on the job and perceived job stress? Suppose the data shown represent the number of cups of coffee consumed per week and a stress

> Does deodorant sell better in a box or without additional packaging? An experiment in a large store is designed in which, for one month, all deodorants are sold packaged in a box and, during a second month, all deodorants are removed from the box and sol

> Does impulse buying really increase sales? A market researcher is curious to find out whether the location of packages of chewing gum in a grocery store really has anything to do with volume of gum sales. As a test, gum is moved to a different location i

> A Virginia Slims Opinion Poll by Roper Starch found that more than 70% of the women interviewed believe they have had more opportunity to succeed than their parents. Suppose a business analyst in your state conducts a similar poll and asks the same quest

> Suppose you want to take a random sample of GMAT test scores to determine whether there is any significant difference between the GMAT scores for the test given in March and the scores for the test given in June. You gather the following data from a samp

> Automobile dealers usually advertise in the yellow pages of the telephone book. Sometimes they have to pay to be listed in the white pages, and some dealerships opt to save money by omitting that listing, assuming most people will use the yellow pages to

> In some firefighting organizations, you must serve as a firefighter for some period of time before you can become part of the emergency medical service (EMS) arm of the organization. Does that mean EMS workers are older, on average, than traditional fire

> Three machines produce the same part. Ten different machine operators work these machines. A quality team wants to determine whether the machines are producing parts that are significantly different from each other in weight. The team devises an experime

> Manchester Partners International claims that 60% of the banking executives who lose their job stay in banking, whereas 40% leave banking. Suppose 40 people who have lost their job as a banking executive are contacted and are asked whether they are still

> Determine the SSE and the se for Problem 12.7. Use the residuals computed in Problem 12.15 (for Problem 12.7) and determine how many of them are within ±1se and ±2se. How do these numbers compare with what the empirical rule says should occur if the erro

> Commercial fish raising is a growing industry in the United States. What makes fish raised commercially grow faster and larger? Suppose that a fish industry study is conducted over the three summer months in an effort to determine whether the amount of w

> Compute a Spearman’s rank correlation to determine the degree of association between the two variables. Variable 1 ________ Variable 2 101 ……………………………… 87 129 ……………………………… 89 133 ……………………………… 84 147 ……………………………… 79 156 ……………………………… 70 179 ……………………………… 64

> Use the Friedman test to determine whether the treatment groups come from different populations. Let alpha be .05.

> Use the Kruskal-Wallis test and ( = .01 to determine whether the four groups come from different populations.

> Use the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test to determine whether there is a significant difference between the related populations represented by the matched pairs given here. Assume ( = .05. Group 1 ______________ Group 2 5.6 ………………………………………. 6.4 1.

> A Watson Wyatt Worldwide survey showed that 58% of all Hispanic Americans are satisfied with their salary. Suppose a business analyst randomly samples 27 Hispanic American workers and asks whether they are satisfied with their salary with the result that

> Use the Mann-Whitney U test and ( = .01 to determine whether there is a significant difference between the populations represented by the two samples given here. Sample 1 ________ Sample 2 573 …………………………… 547 532 …………………………… 566 544 …………………………… 551 565

> Use the runs test to determine whether the sample is random. Let alpha be .05.

> Is there a correlation between the number of companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange in a given year and the number of equity issues on the American Stock Exchange? Shown here are the values for these two variables over an 11-year period. Compute

> Shown here are the net tonnage figures for total pig iron and raw steel output in the United States as reported by the American Iron and Steel Institute over a 12-year period. Use these data to calculate a Spearman’s rank correlation to

> Determine the sum of squares of error (SSE) and the standard error of the estimate (se) for Problem 12.6. Determine how many of the residuals computed in Problem 12.14 (for Problem 12.6) are within one standard error of the estimate. If the error terms a

> Shown here are the percentages of consumer loans with payments that are 30 days or more overdue for both bank credit cards and home equity loans over a 14-year period, according to the American Bankers Association. Compute a Spearman’s

> Over a period of a few months, is there a strong correlation between the value of the U.S. dollar and the prime interest rate? The following data represent a sample of these quantities over a period of time. Compute a Spearman’s rank co

> Compute a Spearman’s rank correlation for the following data.

> The following data are the ranks for values of the two variables, x and y. Compute a Spearman’s rank correlation to determine the degree of relation between the two variables.

> Compute a Spearman’s rank correlation for the following variables to determine the degree of association between the two variables. x ______________ y 23 …………………….. 201 41 …………………….. 259 37 …………………….. 234 29 …………………….. 240 25 …………………….. 231 17 ……………………..

> Shown here is Minitab output for a Friedman test. Discuss the experimental design and the outcome of the experiment. Friedman Test: Observations Versus Treatment Blocked by Block

> Shown here is Minitab output from a Friedman test. What is the size of the experimental design in terms of treatment levels and blocks? Discuss the outcome of the experiment in terms of any statistical conclusions. Friedman Test: Observations Versus Trea

> Does the configuration of the workweek have any impact on productivity? This question is raised by a business analyst who wants to compare the traditional 5-day workweek with a 4-day workweek and a workweek with three 12-hour days and one 4-hour day. The

> An experiment is undertaken to study the effects of four different medical treatments on the recovery time for a medical disorder. Six physicians are involved in the study. One patient with the disorder is sampled for each physician under each treatment,

> Study the following Minitab Residuals Versus Fits graphic for a simple regression analysis. Comment on the residual evidence of lack of compliance with the regression assumptions.

> Use the Friedman test and ( = .05 to test the following data to determine whether there is a significant difference between treatment levels.

> Use the following data to test to determine whether there are any differences between treatment levels. Let ( = .05.

> Do workers on different shifts get different amounts of sleep per week? Some people believe that shift workers who regularly work the graveyard shift (12:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m.) or swing shift (4:00 p.m. to 12:00 a.m.) are unable to get the same amount of

> A survey by the U.S. Travel Data Center showed that a higher percentage of Americans travel to the ocean/beach for vacation than to any other destination. Much further behind in the survey, and virtually tied for second place, were the mountains and smal

> Does the asking price of a new car vary according to whether the dealership is in a small town, a city, or a suburban area? To test this question, an analyst randomly selects dealerships selling Buicks in the state of Illinois. The analyst goes to these

> Is there a difference in the amount of customers’ initial deposits when they open savings accounts according to geographic region of the United States? To test this question, an analyst selects savings and loan offices of equal size fro

> Use the Kruskal-Wallis test to determine whether there is a significant difference in the following groups. Use ( = .05.

> Test the following sequence of observations by using the runs test and ( = .05 to determine whether the process produced random results. M M N N N N N M M M M M M N N M M M M M N M M N N N N N N N N N N N N N M M M M M M M M M M M

> Use the Kruskal-Wallis test to determine whether groups 1 through 5 come from different populations. Let ( = .01.

> Suppose 16 people in various industries are contacted in 2018 and asked to rate business conditions on several factors. The ratings of each person are tallied into a “business optimism” score. The same people are conta

> Graph the following residuals, and indicate which of the assumptions underlying regression appear to be in jeopardy on the basis of the graph. x ______________ y − ŷ 10 ……………………. +6 11 ……………………. +3 12 ……………………. −1 13 …..………………. −11 14 ……………………. −3 15 ………

> American attitudes toward big business change over time and probably are cyclical. Suppose the following data represent a survey of 20 American adults taken in 1993 and again in 2019 in which each adult was asked to rate American big business overall on

> According to an NCR white paper, it can probably be concluded that most cashiers at high-volume stores receive little or no training on how to properly scan items. What little cashier training that is done is typically focused on operating the point-of-s

> A corporation owns a chain of several hundred gasoline stations on the eastern seaboard. The marketing director wants to test a proposed marketing campaign by running ads on some local television stations and determining whether gasoline sales at a sampl

> Use the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test and ( = .05 to analyze the before-and-after measurements given. Assume the underlying distributions are symmetrical. Before __________ After 49 ……………………………….. 43 41 ……………………………….. 29 47 ……………………………….. 30 39

> Use the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test to determine whether there is a significant difference between the two groups of related data given. Use ( = .10. Assume the underlying distributions are symmetrical.

> According to trulia.com, the average listing price for a home in Albuquerque in a recent week was $221,441 compared to $218,555 for Tulsa that same week. Suppose a survey of 13 randomly selected single-family homes is taken in Albuquerque and a survey of

> Do male stock market investors earn significantly more than female stock market investors? One study by the New York Stock Exchange showed that male investors have an income of $46,400 and that female investors have an income of $39,400. Suppose an analy

> Suppose 12 urban households and 12 rural households are selected randomly and each family is asked to report the amount spent on food at home annually. The results follow. Use a Mann-Whitney U test to determine whether there is a significant difference b

> Test the following sequence of observations by using the runs test and ( = .05 to determine whether the process produced random results. X X X Y X X Y Y Y X Y X Y X X Y Y Y Y X

> Use the following contingency table to determine whether variable 1 is independent of variable 2. Let = ( = .01.

> Graph the following residuals, and indicate which of the assumptions underlying regression appear to be in jeopardy on the basis of the graph. x _____________ y − ŷ 213 ………………….. −11 216 ………………….. −5 227 ………………….. −2 229 ………………….. −1 237 ………………….. +6 24

> Use the following contingency table to test whether variable 1 is independent of variable 2. Let ( = .01.

> According to a report by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), containers and packaging generated about 30.3% of all municipal solid waste (MSW) in the country in a recent year. This was the largest category of such waste. The next highest grou

> The Springfield Emergency Medical Service keeps records of emergency telephone calls. A study of 150 five-minute time intervals resulted in the distribution of number of calls that follows. For example, during 18 of the five-minute intervals, no calls oc

> The following percentages come from a national survey of the ages of prerecorded-music shoppers. A local survey produced the observed values. Does the evidence in the observed data indicate that we should reject the national survey distribution for local

> In one survey, successful female entrepreneurs were asked to state their personal definition of success in terms of several categories from which they could select. Thirty-nine percent responded that happiness was their definition of success, 12% said th

> Are the following data Poisson distributed? Use ( = .05 and the chi-square goodness-of-fit test to answer this question. What is your estimated lambda? Number of Arrivals __________ fo 0 …………………………………………… 28 1 ………………………………………….… 17 2 …………………………………………… 11

> Do men and women prefer the same colors of cars? That is, is sex independent of color preference for cars? Suppose a study is undertaken to address this question. A random sample of men and women is asked which of five colors (silver, white, black, green

> A survey by Ipsos-Reid reported in American Demographics showed that if a person was given a $1,000 windfall, 36% would spend the money on home improvement, 24% on leisure travel/vacation, 15% on clothing, 15% on home entertainment or electronic products

> Is the number of children that a college student currently has independent of the type of college or university being attended? Suppose students were randomly selected from three types of colleges and universities and the data shown represent the results

> Are the types of professional jobs held in the computing industry independent of the number of years a person has worked in the industry? Suppose 246 workers are interviewed. Use the results obtained to determine whether type of professional job held in

> Wisconsin is an important milk-producing state. Some people might argue that because of transportation costs, the cost of milk increases with the distance of markets from Wisconsin. Suppose the milk prices in eight cities are as follows. Cost of Milk (pe

> Determine the value of r for the following data.

> According to Beverage Digest, the distribution of market share for the top seven carbonated soft drinks in the United States is: Coke 17.6%, Pepsi-Cola 8.8%, Diet Coke 8.5%, Mt. Dew 6.9%, Dr. Pepper 6.8%, Sprite 6.0%, and Diet Pepsi 4.3%. Others accounte

> Are random arrivals at a shoe store at the local mall Poisson distributed? Suppose a mall employee researches this question by gathering data for arrivals during one-minute intervals on a weekday between 6:30 p.m. and 8:00 p.m. The data obtained follow.

> Use the following data and ( = .01 to determine whether the observed frequencies represent a uniform distribution. Category ___________ fo 1 ……………………………….. 19 2 ……………………………….. 17 3 ……………………………….. 14 4 ……………………………….. 18 5 ……………………………….. 19 6 ……………………………….

> A researcher interviewed 2067 people and asked whether they were the primary decision makers in the household when buying a new car last year. Two hundred seven were men and had bought a new car last year. Sixty-five were women and had bought a new car l

> A national youth organization sells six different kinds of cookies during its annual cookie campaign. A local leader is curious about whether national sales of the six kinds of cookies are uniformly distributed. He randomly selects the amounts of each ki

> Is a manufacturer’s geographic location independent of type of customer? Use the following data for companies with primarily industrial customers and companies with primarily retail customers to test this question. Let ( = .10.

> Use the chi-square contingency analysis to test to determine whether variable 1 is independent of variable 2. Use 5% level of significance.

> Use a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to determine whether the following observed frequencies are distributed the same as the expected frequencies. Let ( = .01.

> A study was conducted to determine the impact of a major Mexican peso devaluation on U.S. border retailers. As a part of the study, data were gathered on the magnitude of business that U.S. border retailers were doing with Mexican citizens. Forty-one sho

> According to data released by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development about new homes built in the United States, there is an almost 50–50 split between one-story and two-story homes. In addition, more than half of all new

> The equation of a regression line is ŷ = 50.506 – 1.646x and the data are as follows. Solve for the residuals and graph a residual plot. Do these data seem to violate any of the assumptions of regression?

> Is the transportation mode used to ship goods independent of type of industry? Suppose the following contingency table represents frequency counts of types of transportation used by the publishing and the computer hardware industries. Analyze the data by

> A group of 30-year-olds is interviewed to determine whether the type of music most listened to by people in their age category is independent of the geographic location of their residence. Use the chi-square test of independence, ( = .01, and the followi