What is the difference between a population distribution and a sampling distribution?
> The evening manager of a restaurant was very concerned about the length of time some customers were waiting in line to be seated. She also had some concern about the seating times—that is, the length of time between when a customer is seated and the time
> One of the major measures of the quality of service provided by an organization is the speed with which it responds to customer complaints. A large family-held department store selling furniture and flooring, including carpet, had undergone a major expan
> An insurance company has the business objective of reducing the amount of time it takes to approve applications for life insurance. The approval process consists of underwriting, which includes a review of the application, a medical information bureau ch
> The American Society for Quality (ASQ) conducted a salary survey of all its members. ASQ members work in all areas of manufacturing and service-related institutions, with a common theme of an interest in quality. Manager and quality engineer were the mos
> How do the covariance and the coefficient of correlation differ?
> An orange juice producer buys oranges from a large orange grove that has one variety of orange. The amount of juice squeezed from these oranges is approximately normally distributed, with a mean of 4.70 ounces and a standard deviation of 0.40 ounce. Supp
> What is the difference between the arithmetic mean and the geometric mean?
> What is the difference between skewness and kurtosis?
> What is meant by the property of shape?
> How do the empirical rule and the Chebyshev rule differ?
> How does the empirical rule help explain the ways in which the values in a set of numerical data cluster and distribute?
> What are the differences among the various measures of variation, such as the range, interquartile range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
> What does the Z score measure?
> What is meant by the property of variation?
> How do you interpret the first quartile, median, and third quartile?
> What are the differences among the mean, median, and mode, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
> The fill amount of bottles of a soft drink is normally distributed, with a mean of 2.0 liters and a standard deviation of 0.05 liter. If you select a random sample of 25 bottles, what is the probability that the sample mean will be a. between 1.99 and 2.
> What is meant by the property of central tendency?
> Movie companies need to predict the gross receipts of individual movies once a movie has debuted. The following results, stored in PotterMovies , are the first weekend gross, the U.S. gross, and the worldwide gross (in $millions) of the eight Harry Potte
> A Pew Research Center survey found a noticeable rise in smartphone ownership and internet usage in emerging and developing nations, and once online, adults in these nations are hungry for social interaction. The file GlobalInternetUsage contains the leve
> The file MobileSpeed contains the overall download and upload speeds in mbps for nine carriers in the U.S. Source: Data extracted from “Best Mobile Network 2016,” bit.ly/1KGPrMm, accessed November 10, 2016. a. Compute the covariance between download spee
> Movie companies need to predict the gross receipts of individual movies once a movie has debuted. The data, shown below and stored in PotterMovies , are the first weekend gross, the U.S. gross, and the worldwide gross (in $ millions) of the eight Harry P
> The file Cereals lists the calories and sugar, in grams, in one serving of seven breakfast cereals: a. Compute the covariance. b. Compute the coefficient of correlation. c. Which do you think is more valuable in expressing the relationship between calo
> A study of 267 college students investigated the impact of smartphones on student connectedness and out-of-class involvement. Source: Liu X, et al., “The Impact of Smartphone Educational Use on Student Connectedness and Out-of-Class Involvement,” The Ele
> The following is a set of data from a sample of n = 11 items: X 7 5 8 3 6 10 12 4 9 15 18 Y 21 15 24 9 18 30 36 12 27 45 54 a. Compute the covariance. b. Compute the coefficient of correlation. c. How strong is the relationship between X and Y? Explain.
> Thirty companies comprise the DJIA. Just how big are these companies? One common method for measuring the size of a company is to use its market capitalization, which is computed by multiplying the number of stock shares by the price of a share of stock.
> The file Energy contains the average residential price for electricity in cents per kilowatt hour in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia during a recent year. a. Compute the mean, variance, and standard deviation for the population. b. Wha
> An industrial sewing machine uses ball bearings that are targeted to have a diameter of 0.75 inch. The lower and upper specification limits under which the ball bearing can operate are 0.74 inch (lower) and 0.76 inch (upper). Past experience has indicate
> The file CigaretteTax contains the state cigarette tax (in $) for each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia as of January 1, 2017. a. Compute the population mean and population standard deviation for the state cigarette tax. b. Interpret the par
> Consider a population of 1,024 mutual funds that primarily invest in large companies. You have determined that m, the mean one-year total percentage return achieved by all the funds, is 8.20 and that s, the standard deviation, is 2.75. a. According to th
> The following is a set of data for a population with N = 10: 7 5 6 6 6 4 8 6 9 3 a. Compute the population mean. b. Compute the population standard deviation.
> The following is a set of data for a population with N = 10: 7 5 11 8 3 6 2 1 9 8 a. Compute the population mean. b. Compute the population standard deviation.
> A bank branch located in a commercial district of a city has the business objective of developing an improved process for serving customers during the noon-to-1:00 p.m. lunch period. The waiting time, in minutes, is defined as the time the customer enter
> The file CD Rate contains the yields for one-year CDs and five-year CDs, for 39 banks in the United States, as of January 9, 2017. Source: Data extracted from www.Bankrate.com, January 9, 2017. For each type of account: a. Compute the first quartile (Q1)
> The annual NFL Super Bowl is the most widely watched sporting event in the United States each year. In recent years, there has been a great deal of interest in the ads that appear during the game. These ads vary in length with most lasting 30 seconds or
> The file HotelAway contains the average room price (in US$) paid by various nationalities while traveling abroad (away from their home country) in 2016: 124 101 115 126 114 112 138 85 138 96 130 116 Source: Data extracted from hpi.hotels.com/. a. Compute
> The file MobileCommerce contains the following mobile commerce penetration values, the percentage of the country population that bought something online via a mobile phone in the past month, for twenty-eight of the world’s economies: 23 27 26 25 40 19 26
> The file AccountingPartners contains the number of partners in a cohort of rising accounting firms that have been tagged as “firms to watch.” The firms have the following number of partners: 37 41 26 14 22 29 36 11 16 29 30 20 20 20 26 21 17 21 14 28 24
> Under what circumstances does the sampling distribution of the proportion approximately follow the normal distribution?
> The following is a set of data from a sample of n = 5: 7 -5 -8 7 9 a. Compute the first quartile (Q1), the third quartile (Q3), and the interquartile range. b. List the five-number summary. c. Construct a boxplot and describe its shape. d. Compare your a
> The following is a set of data from a sample of n = 5: 7 4 9 8 2 a. Compute the first quartile (Q1), the third quartile (Q3), and the interquartile range. b. List the five-number summary. c. Construct a boxplot and describe its shape. d. Compare your ans
> The following is a set of data from a sample of n = 6: 7 4 9 7 3 12 a. Compute the first quartile (Q1), the third quartile (Q3), and the interquartile range. b. List the five-number summary. c. Construct a boxplot and describe its shape. d. Compare your
> The following is a set of data from a sample of n = 7: 12 7 4 9 0 7 3 a. Compute the first quartile (Q1), the third quartile (Q3), and the interquartile range. b. List the five-number summary. c. Construct a boxplot and describe its shape. d. Compare you
> Using the three-year return percentage variable in Retirement Funds: a. Construct a table that computes the mean for each combination of type, risk, and rating. b. Construct a table that computes the standard deviation for each combination of type, ris
> Using the three-year return percentage variable in Retirement Funds: a. Construct a table that computes the mean for each combination of market cap, risk, and rating. b. Construct a table that computes the standard deviation for each combination of mar
> Using the three-year return percentage variable in Retirement Funds: a. Construct a table that computes the mean for each combination of type, market cap, and rating. b. Construct a table that computes the standard deviation for each combination of typ
> Using the three-year return percentage variable in Retirement Funds: a. Construct a table that computes the mean for each combination of type, market cap, and risk. b. Construct a table that computes the standard deviation for each combination of type,
> In 2013 through 2016, the value of precious metals fluctuated dramatically. The following data (stored in Metals ) represent the total rate of return (in percentage) for platinum, gold, and silver from 2013 through 2016: a. Compute the geometric mean r
> The file Indices contains the total rate of return percentage for the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), the Standard & Poor’s 500 (S&P 500), and the technology-heavy NASDAQ Composite (NASDAQ) from 2013 through 2016. These dat
> Facebook’s stock price in 2015 increased by 34.15%, and in 2016, it increased by 9.93%. Source: Data extracted from finance.yahoo.com, January 9, 2017. a. Compute the geometric mean rate of return per year for the twoyear period 2015–2016. b. If you purc
> General Electric (GE) is one of the world’s largest companies; it develops, manufactures, and markets a wide range of products, including medical diagnostic imaging devices, jet engines, lighting products, and chemicals. In 2015, the stock price rose 23.
> Suppose that another bank branch, located in a residential area, is also concerned with the noon-to-1:00 p.m. lunch hour. The waiting time, in minutes, collected from a sample of 15 customers during this hour, are stored in Bank2 : 9.66 5.90 8.02 5.79 8.
> A bank branch located in a commercial district of a city has the business objective of developing an improved process for serving customers during the noon-to-1:00 p.m. lunch period. The waiting time, in minutes, is defined as the time the customer enter
> The file HotelAway contains the average room price (in US$) paid by various nationalities while traveling abroad (away from their home country) in 2016: 124 101 115 126 114 112 138 85 138 96 130 116 132 Source: Data extracted from hpi.hotels.com/. a. Com
> Is there a difference in the variation of the yields of different types of investments? The file CD Rate contains the yields for oneyear certificates of deposit (CDs) and five-year CDs for 39 banks listed for West Palm Beach, Florida on January 9, 2017.
> The file MobileCommerce contains the following mobile commerce penetration values, the percentage of the country population that bought something online via a mobile phone in the past month, for 28 of the world’s economies: 23 27 26 25 40 19 26 36 23 33
> The file AccountingPartners contains the number of partners in a cohort of rising accounting firms that have been tagged as “firms to watch.” The firms have the following numbers of partners: 37 41 26 14 22 29 36 11 16 29 30 20 20 20 26 21 17 21 14 28 24
> The annual NFL Super Bowl is the most widely watched sporting event in the United States each year. In recent years, there has been a great deal of interest in the ads that appear during the game. These ads vary in length with most lasting 30 seconds or
> The file AirportRating contains the rating of large and medium size airports in the United States and Canada. Source: Data extracted from N. Trejos, “Portland, Indianapolis Top Airport Rankings, USA Today, December 16, 2016, p. 4B. For large and medium
> Why does the sampling distribution of the mean follow a normal distribution for a large enough sample size, even though the population may not be normally distributed?
> The file MobileSpeed contains the overall download and upload speeds in mbps for nine carriers in the United States. Source: Data extracted from “Best Mobile Network 2016”, bit.ly/1KGPrMm, accessed November 10, 2016.
> According to the U.S. Census Bureau (census.gov), in 2016, the median sales price of new houses was $315,500 and the mean sales price was $370,800. a. Interpret the median sales price. b. Interpret the mean sales price. c. Discuss the shape of the distri
> The operations manager of a plant that manufactures tires wants to compare the actual inner diameters of two grades of tires, each of which is expected to be 575 millimeters. A sample of five tires of each grade was selected, and the results representing
> Wired, a magazine that delivers a glimpse into the future of business, culture, innovation, and science, reported the following summary for the household incomes of its two types of subscribers, the print reader and the digital reader. Source: Data ext
> Suppose that the rate of return for a particular stock during the past two years was 20% for the first year and -30% for the second year. Compute the geometric rate of return per year.
> Suppose that the rate of return for a particular stock during the past two years was 10% for the first year and 30% for the second year. Compute the geometric rate of return per year. (Note: A rate of return of 10% is recorded as 0.10, and a rate of retu
> The following set of data is from a sample of n = 5: 7 -5 -8 7 9 a. Compute the mean, median, and mode. b. Compute the range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. c. Compute the Z scores. Are there any outliers? d. Describe the sha
> The following set of data is from a sample of n = 7: 12 7 4 9 0 7 3 a. Compute the mean, median, and mode. b. Compute the range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. c. Compute the Z scores. Are there any outliers? d. Describe the
> The following set of data is from a sample of n = 6: 7 4 9 7 3 12 a. Compute the mean, median, and mode. b. Compute the range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. c. Compute the Z scores. Are there any outliers? d. Describe the sh
> The following set of data is from a sample of n = 5: 7 4 9 8 2 a. Compute the mean, median, and mode. b. Compute the range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. c. Compute the Z scores. Are there any outliers? d. Describe the shape
> Why does the standard error of the mean decrease as the sample size, n, increases?
> Compare and contrast the bar chart for categorical data with the histogram for numerical data.
> What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a bar chart, a pie chart, a doughnut chart, and a Pareto chart?
> Why would you construct a summary table?
> How do histograms and polygons differ in construction and use?
> Figures 2.5 and 2.6 show a bar chart and a pie chart for the risk level for the retirement fund data (see pages 55–56). a. Create an exploded pie chart, a doughnut chart, a cone chart, and a pyramid chart that show the risk level of retirement funds. b.
> Figure 2.4 shows a bar chart and a pie chart for what devices millennials used to watch movies/TV shows (see page 54). a. Create an exploded pie chart, a cone chart, or a pyramid chart that shows how people paid for purchases and other transactions. b. W
> For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical and determine its measurement scale. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous. a. Number of cellphones in the h
> Examine the following visualization, adapted from a management consulting white paper. a. Describe at least one good feature of this visual display. b. Describe at least one bad feature of this visual display. c. Redraw the graph, by using the Exhibit
> Examine the visualization on page 81, adapted from one that appeared in the post “Who Are the Comic Book Fans on Facebook?” on February 2, 2013, as reported by graphicspolicy.com. a. Describe at least one good feature
> Examine the following visualization, adapted from one that appeared in a post in a digital marketing blog. a. Describe at least one good feature of this visual display. b. Describe at least one bad feature of this visual display. c. Redraw the graph, u
> Why is the sample mean an unbiased estimator of the population mean?
> The time it takes to download a video from the Internet is measured. a. Explain why the download time is a continuous numerical variable. b. Explain why the download time is a ratio-scaled variable.
> U.S. businesses are listed by size: small, medium, and large. Explain why business size is an example of an ordinal-scaled variable.
> The file Natural Gas includes the monthly average commercial price for natural gas (dollars per thousand cubic feet) in the United States from January 1, 2008, to December 2016. Source: Data extracted from “U.S. Natural Gas Prices,” bit.ly/2oZIQ5Z, March
> The data in NewHomeSales includes the median sales price of new single-family houses sold in the United States recorded at the end of each month from January 2000 through December 2016. Source: Data extracted from bit.ly/2eEcIBR, March 19, 2017. a. Cons
> In the sample of 479 retirement funds ( Retirement Funds ), what characteristics are associated with the funds that have the lowest five-year return?
> Using the sample of retirement funds stored in Retirement Funds: a. Construct one chart that visualizes 10YrReturn and 1YrReturn by Market Cap. b. Construct one chart that visualizes 5YrReturn and 1YrReturn by Market Cap. c. How does the patterns to t
> In the sample of 479 retirement funds ( Retirement Funds ), which funds in the sample have the lowest five-year return?
> Using the sample of retirement funds stored in Retirement Funds: a. Construct a chart that visualizes SD and Assets by Risk Level. b. Construct a chart that visualizes SD and Assets by Fund Type. Rescale the Assets axis, if necessary, to see more detai
> In the sample of 479 retirement funds ( Retirement Funds ), what are the attributes of the fund with the highest five-year return?
> Using the sample of retirement funds stored in Retirement Funds: a. Construct a table that tallies type, market cap, risk, and rating. b. What conclusions can you reach concerning differences among the types of funds based on market cap categories, ris
> An IAB study on the state of original digital video showed that original data video is becoming increasingly popular. Original digital video is defined as professionally produced video only for ad-supported online distribution and viewing (not TV). Accor
> Using the sample of retirement funds stored in Retirement Funds: a. Construct a table that tallies Fund Type, Risk Level and Star Rating. b. What conclusions can you reach concerning differences among the types of retirement funds, based on the risk le
> Using the sample of retirement funds stored in Retirement Funds: a. Construct a table that tallies, Market Cap, Risk Level, and Star Rating. b. What conclusions can you reach concerning differences among the funds based on Market Cap (small, mid-cap, and
> Using the sample of retirement funds stored in Retirement Funds: a. Construct a table that tallies Fund Type, Market Cap, and Star Rating. b. What conclusions can you reach concerning differences among the types of retirement funds (growth and value), ba
> The Super Bowl is a big viewing event watched by close to 200 million Americans that is also a big event for advertisers. The file SuperBowlAds contains the number of ads that ran between the opening kickoff and the final whistle and the total elapsed ru
> The file Movie Attendance16 contains the yearly movie attendance (in billions) from 2001 through 2016. a. Construct a time-series plot for the movie attendance (in billions). b. What pattern, if any, is present in the data?
> The file NewHomeSales contains the number of new homes sold (in thousands) and the median sales price of new single-family houses sold in the United States recorded at the end of each month from January 2000 through December 2016. Source: Data extracted
> How have stocks performed in the past? The following table presents the data stored in Stock Performance and shows the performance of a broad measure of stocks (by percentage) for each decade from the 1830s through the 2000s: a. Construct a time-series
